The main psychoactive compound within the cannabis plant, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is thought to drive both the sensation of "high" and the cognitive impairments associated with cannabis consumption. Researchers keen to understand how cannabis impairs cognition have, therefore, studied the behavioral effects of systemic injections of THC in animal models. However, cannabis contains multiple other cannabinoids which may critically modulate the resulting cognitive effects. Users also typically eat or smoke cannabis, leading to concern over the translational validity of pure THC injections. We, therefore, tested whether acute oral administration of two different commercially available cannabis extracts, marketed as C. indica or C. sativa, decreased male Long-Evans rats' willingness to exert greater cognitive effort in order to maximize reward earned, as expected from previous experiments using injected THC. Both oils were matched for THC and cannabidiol content. While both cannabis products slowed response times at higher doses, only C. indica oil at the highest dose administered (10 mg/kg THC) decreased the number of trials on which rats chose to complete high-effort/high-reward trials. Repeated dosing with a medium dose of either cannabinoid product (3 mg/kg THC) did not influence choice. Ex vivo analyses confirmed comparable levels of brain THC after C. indica or C. sativa administration. Although controversial in the field, these results support the suggestion that products marketed as different cannabis cultivars have dissociable cognitive effects that may not resemble pure THC and emphasize the importance of the route of administration in experimental design. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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作为 C. indica 或 C. sativa 销售的口服大麻油提取物对大鼠认知努力的不同影响。

大麻植物中的主要精神活性化合物 Δ9-四氢大麻酚 (THC) 被认为会导致“高”感和与吸食大麻相关的认知障碍。因此，热衷于了解大麻如何损害认知的研究人员研究了在动物模型中全身注射 THC 的行为影响。然而，大麻含有多种其他大麻素，可能会严重调节由此产生的认知效果。使用者通常还吃或吸食大麻，导致人们担心纯 THC 注射的转化有效性。因此，我们测试了两种不同的市售大麻提取物（作为C. indica或C. sativa销售）的急性口服给药是否, 降低了雄性 Long-Evans 大鼠为了获得最大奖励而付出更大认知努力的意愿，正如之前使用注射 THC 的实验所预期的那样。两种油的四氢大麻酚和大麻二酚含量都匹配。虽然这两种大麻产品在较高剂量下都减缓了反应时间，但只有给予最高剂量（10 mg/kg THC）的C. indica油减少了大鼠选择完成高努力/高回报试验的试验次数。重复服用中等剂量的大麻素产品（3 mg/kg THC）不会影响选择。离体分析证实了C. indica或C. sativa后大脑 THC 水平相当行政。尽管在该领域存在争议，但这些结果支持这样的建议，即作为不同大麻品种销售的产品具有可分离的认知效果，可能与纯四氢大麻酚不同，并强调了给药途径在实验设计中的重要性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA，保留所有权利）。