Over the past 20 years, in an effort to reduce reliance on fossil fuel generated power, States have been trying to shift to renewable energy by devising attractive and favourable regulations in order to attract foreign investment in a sector that requires significant amounts of capital that usually needs to be frontloaded. This article aims to provide an overview of claims brought against a number of European States who adopted ambitious and investor-friendly legislations, and as a result of a subsequent change to these regulations, were subject to a large number of arbitration claims in relation to the extent of these States’ right to amend (with a retrospective effect) the incentives that they granted to foreign investors in the renewable energy sector.

中文翻译：

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减轻北非可再生能源领域争议的风险：从针对欧洲国家的太阳能索赔中吸取的教训

在过去的 20 年里，为了减少对化石燃料发电的依赖，各国一直试图通过制定有吸引力和有利的法规来转向可再生能源，以吸引外国投资进入一个需要大量资本的行业，而这些资本通常需要前置。本文旨在概述针对许多欧洲国家提出的索赔，这些国家采用了雄心勃勃且对投资者友好的立法，并且由于这些法规随后发生了变化，因此受到大量与这些国家有权修改（具有追溯效力）它们在可再生能源领域给予外国投资者的激励措施。