Purpose of the Review

One of the major threats to tree health, and hence the resilience of forests and their provision of ecosystem services, is new and emerging pests. Therefore, forest health monitoring is of major importance to detect invasive, emerging and native pest outbreaks. This is usually done by foresters and forest health experts, but can also be complemented by citizen scientists. Here, we review the use of citizen science for detection and monitoring, as well as for hypothesis-driven research and evaluation of control measures as part of forest pest surveillance and research. We then examine its limitations and opportunities and make recommendations on the use of citizen science for forest pest monitoring.

Recent Findings

The main opportunities of citizen scientists for forest health are early warning, early detection of new pests, monitoring of impact of outbreaks and scientific research. Each domain has its own limitations, opportunities and recommendations to follow, as well as their own public engagement strategies. The development of new technologies provides many opportunities to involve citizen scientists in forest pest monitoring. To enhance the benefits of citizen scientists’ inclusion in monitoring, it is important that they are involved in the cocreation of activities.

Summary

Future monitoring and research may benefit from tailor-made citizen science projects to facilitate successful monitoring by citizen scientists and expand their practice to countries where the forest health sector is less developed. In this sense, citizen scientists can help understand and detect outbreaks of new pests and avoid problems in the future.

中文翻译：

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公民科学与森林害虫监测：一个有益的联盟？

审查的目的

新出现的害虫是对树木健康以及森林恢复力及其生态系统服务提供的主要威胁之一。因此，森林健康监测对于检测入侵性、新出现的和本地害虫的爆发至关重要。这通常由林务员和森林健康专家完成，但也可以由公民科学家进行补充。在这里，我们回顾了公民科学在检测和监测方面的应用，以及作为森林有害生物监测和研究一部分的假设驱动研究和控制措施评估的应用。然后，我们研究其局限性和机遇，并就利用公民科学进行森林有害生物监测提出建议。

最近的发现

公民科学家对森林健康的主要机会是早期预警、早期发现新害虫、监测疫情影响和科学研究。每个领域都有自己的局限性、机会和建议，以及自己的公众参与策略。新技术的发展为公民科学家参与森林有害生物监测提供了许多机会。为了提高公民科学家参与监测的效益，让他们参与活动的共同创造非常重要。

概括

未来的监测和研究可能会受益于量身定制的公民科学项目，以促进公民科学家的成功监测，并将其实践扩展到森林卫生部门欠发达的国家。从这个意义上说，公民科学家可以帮助了解和发现新害虫的爆发，并避免未来出现问题。