Considering the wide abundance and low cost of sodium resources and their similar electrochemistry to the well-established lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) have been regarded as potential alternatives to LIBs. Iron-based materials have attracted considerable attention as promising electrode materials for SIBs due to their high theoretical capacitance, natural abundance, and low cost. However, their sluggish reaction kinetics, accompanied with severe volume change during cycling sodiation/desodiation process and their unsatisfied electric conductivity, always leads to inferior long-term cycling stability and rate performance. To resolve these issues, significant and effective efforts have been made to improve their electrochemical performance, and great processes have been achieved. In this review, some recent progress on the development and design of nanostructured iron-based anodes, including oxides, chalcogenides, phosphides, nitrides, alloys, etc., are summarized, mainly focusing on the relationship between their structural features and sodium storage performance to understand the mechanisms behind the improvement of their sodium storage performance. In addition, the current challenges and future directions upon improving iron-based anodes for SIBs are briefly reviewed. These iron-based electrode materials are expected to be competitive and attractive electrodes for next-generation energy storage devices.

考虑到钠资源的丰富性和低成本及其与成熟的锂离子电池（LIB）相似的电化学特性，钠离子电池（SIB）被认为是 LIB 的潜在替代品。铁基材料由于其高理论电容、天然丰度和低成本而作为有前途的 SIB 电极材料引起了广泛关注。然而，它们缓慢的反应动力学，伴随着循环钠化/脱钠过程中剧烈的体积变化以及它们不令人满意的电导率，总是导致较差的长期循环稳定性和倍率性能。为了解决这些问题，已经做出重大而有效的努力来提高它们的电化学性能，并且已经取得了很大的进步。在这篇评论中，总结了近年来纳米结构铁基负极的一些开发设计进展，包括氧化物、硫族化物、磷化物、氮化物、合金等，主要关注其结构特征与储钠性能之间的关系，以了解其背后的机制提高它们的钠储存性能。此外，简要回顾了改进 SIB 铁基负极的当前挑战和未来方向。这些铁基电极材料有望成为下一代储能设备的具有竞争力和吸引力的电极。主要关注其结构特征与储钠性能之间的关系，以了解其储钠性能改善背后的机制。此外，简要回顾了改进 SIB 铁基负极的当前挑战和未来方向。这些铁基电极材料有望成为下一代储能设备的具有竞争力和吸引力的电极。主要关注其结构特征与储钠性能之间的关系，以了解其储钠性能改善背后的机制。此外，简要回顾了改进 SIB 铁基负极的当前挑战和未来方向。这些铁基电极材料有望成为下一代储能设备的具有竞争力和吸引力的电极。