Ageism is a worldwide crisis. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated ageism toward older adults with hate speech, intergenerational resentment, and human rights violations. This article provides an overview of the interdisciplinary and international theoretical and applied research literature in three subareas: intergenerational attitudes and relations, psychological and physical effects of ageism on older adults, and reducing ageism. Cross-cutting themes are the need to (1) consider positive (including seemingly “positive”) and negative views, treatment, and experiences of older adults, (2) expand the study of diverse populations including by age and country as well as intersectionality of ageism and other isms (e.g., ableism, classism, heterosexism, racism, sexism), (3) expand the study of the wide-ranging manifestations of ageism at multiple levels of analysis including greater attention to human rights and new indicators of ageism, and (4) expand the circle of interdisciplinary and international collaborations within and across communities worldwide with all stakeholders and policymakers. Ageism and other isms are intertwined with and multiplied by population aging and other societal issues such as pandemics and climate crises. This article aims to further sound the alarm for the urgent need for age-friendly societies and addressing ageism through basic research, preventive measures, and intervention efforts.

中文翻译：

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全球年龄歧视危机

年龄歧视是一场世界性的危机。COVID-19 大流行通过仇恨言论、代际怨恨和侵犯人权行为加剧了对老年人的年龄歧视。本文概述了三个子领域的跨学科和国际理论和应用研究文献：代际态度和关系、年龄歧视对老年人的心理和生理影响以及减少年龄歧视。交叉主题需要 (1) 考虑老年人的积极（包括看似“积极”）和消极的观点、治疗和经历，(2) 扩大对不同人群的研究，包括按年龄和国家以及交叉性年龄歧视和其他主义（例如，能力歧视、阶级歧视、异性恋歧视、种族歧视、性别歧视），(3) 在多个分析层面扩大对年龄歧视的广泛表现形式的研究，包括更加关注人权和年龄歧视的新指标，以及 (4) 扩大全世界社区内部和跨社区的跨学科和国际合作范围，与所有利益相关者和政策制定者。年龄歧视和其他主义与人口老龄化和其他社会问题（如流行病和气候危机）交织在一起并倍增。本文旨在通过基础研究、预防措施和干预措施，进一步敲响对老年友好型社会和解决年龄歧视的迫切需求的警钟。(4) 与所有利益相关者和政策制定者扩大全球社区内部和跨社区的跨学科和国际合作范围。年龄歧视和其他主义与人口老龄化和其他社会问题（如流行病和气候危机）交织在一起并倍增。本文旨在通过基础研究、预防措施和干预措施，进一步敲响对老年友好型社会和解决年龄歧视的迫切需求的警钟。(4) 与所有利益相关者和政策制定者扩大全球社区内部和跨社区的跨学科和国际合作范围。年龄歧视和其他主义与人口老龄化和其他社会问题（如流行病和气候危机）交织在一起并倍增。本文旨在通过基础研究、预防措施和干预措施，进一步敲响对老年友好型社会和解决年龄歧视的迫切需求的警钟。