The High Oum-Er-Rbia basin, located in the Moroccan Middle Atlas, is a karstic region with significant water sources that have essential functions regarding agriculture, hydropower production, industrial and drinking water. The region contains abundant wetlands, especially springs, rivers and natural lakes. These systems are highly sensitive to the effects of climate change, experiencing considerable lake level, water chemistry, and biological fluctuations in response to regional hydrological balances. This study focuses on the hydrogeochemical processes and mechanisms that control the chemical composition and variability of Azigza Lake, a typical tectono-karstic lake system of the region. Water monitoring was implemented from July 2013 to October 2014 with a monthly water sampling for physicochemical measurements and major ion concentration analyses of lake water and the surrounding groundwater. Both waters show a relatively low salinity due to the fresh input from the Lower Jurassic karst formation. Lake waters are slightly alkaline and of the calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate type. The geochemistry of the lake waters is mainly controlled by carbonate weathering through water–rock interaction and, to a lesser extent, by cation exchange and precipitation of carbonate minerals. The hydrochemistry of the lake showed clear responses to seasonal changes in precipitation and evaporation, with higher conductivity during the wet period. During the beginning of the wet season, groundwater evolution could be explained by a simple first flush stormwater. The rapid response of lake water to subsurface and underground waters confirms the dominance of an underground conduct flow regime. These changes and behaviors highlight the sensitivity of Azigza system to regional hydrological and climatic changes.

位于摩洛哥中阿特拉斯山脉的 High Oum-Er-Rbia 盆地是一个喀斯特地区，拥有重要的水源，在农业、水力发电、工业和饮用水方面具有重要功能。该地区拥有丰富的湿地，尤其是泉水、河流和天然湖泊。这些系统对气候变化的影响高度敏感，经历了相当大的湖泊水位、水化学和响应区域水文平衡的生物波动。本研究的重点是控制 Azigza 湖化学成分和变化的水文地球化学过程和机制，Azigza 湖是该地区典型的构造-岩溶湖泊系统。水质监测于 2013 年 7 月至 2014 年 10 月实施，每月对湖水和周围地下水进行理化测量和主要离子浓度分析。由于来自下侏罗统岩溶地层的新鲜输入，这两种水域的盐度都相对较低。湖水呈弱碱性，呈钙镁碳酸氢盐型。湖水的地球化学主要受控于水-岩相互作用的碳酸盐风化，其次受控于阳离子交换和碳酸盐矿物的沉淀。湖泊的水化学对降水和蒸发的季节性变化有明显的响应，在湿润期具有更高的电导率。在雨季开始时，地下水的演化可以用简单的第一次冲刷雨水来解释。湖水对地下水和地下水的快速反应证实了地下传导流的主导地位。这些变化和行为凸显了Azigza系统对区域水文和气候变化的敏感性。