In recent years bronchoscopy equipment has been improved with smaller instruments and larger size working channels. This has ensured that bronchoscopy offers both therapeutic and interventional options. As the experience of paediatric interventional pulmonologists continues to grow, more interventions are being performed. There is a scarcity of published evidence in the field of interventional bronchoscopy in paediatrics. This is even more relevant for complicated pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB). Therapeutic interventional bronchoscopy procedures can be used in the management of complicated tuberculosis, including for endoscopic enucleations, closure of fistulas, dilatations of bronchial stenosis and severe haemoptysis. Endoscopic therapeutic procedures in children with complicated TB may prevent thoracotomy. If done carefully these interventional procedures have a low complication rate.

近年来，支气管镜检查设备已得到改进，仪器更小，工作通道尺寸更大。这确保了支气管镜检查提供治疗和介入选择。随着儿科介入肺科医生的经验不断增长，正在实施更多的干预措施。儿科介入支气管镜检查领域的已发表证据很少。这与复杂性肺结核 (PTB) 更相关。治疗性介入性支气管镜检查程序可用于复杂结核病的治疗，包括内镜下摘除术、瘘管闭合、支气管狭窄扩张和严重咯血。复杂结核病患儿的内窥镜治疗程序可避免开胸手术。