Abstract

This paper is a study of volcanogenic bentonite. We examine the geological structural settings of the deposits, the paleogeographic environment of sedimentation, structural and textural features of the rocks, and their diagnostic features. We have identified ore-controlling factors in the generation of volcanogenic and hydrothermal bentonite. Comparative analysis has been performed of the original volcanogenic material sampled at deposits in Russia and abroad. The Dash-Salakhly deposit (Republic of Azerbaijan) and a bentonite-bearing province on Sakhalin Island were studied to find how bentonites of different genesis were formed. These studies provide evidence that the composition of the parent material for bentonite varies in a wide range, between basalt and rhyolite. The main factor that controls the generation of bentonite is the type of the sedimentation basin and physicochemical conditions rather than the composition of the parent material.

中文翻译：

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火山沉积和热液膨润土矿床

摘要

本文是对火山成因膨润土的研究。我们检查了矿床的地质构造环境、沉积的古地理环境、岩石的结构和质地特征，以及它们的诊断特征。我们已经确定了火山成因和热液膨润土生成的矿石控制因素。对在俄罗斯和国外矿床中采集的原始火山成因物质进行了比较分析。对 Dash-Salakhly 矿床（阿塞拜疆共和国）和库页岛的一个膨润土产区进行了研究，以了解不同成因的膨润土是如何形成的。这些研究提供的证据表明，膨润土的母材成分在玄武岩和流纹岩之间变化很大。