This article examines the transformation of Dante’s image in post-Soviet scholarship. The author shows how Russian philologists Vladimir Bibikhin, Olga Sedakova, and Georgii Chistiakov introduced a new image of Dante to post-Soviet readers in fresh translations of his work, scholarly writings, and lecture courses that revealed previously obscured philosophical and theological dimensions of his texts. The post-Soviet reader came into contact with a more complex image of Dante than previously portrayed in official Soviet literary scholarship: Dante the philosopher, the Christian humanist, the spiritual guide who calls upon individuals to embark upon a difficult but crucial existential journey. The author also shows how the unstable and transitional decade of the 1990s was a time of a particularly active study of Dante’s philosophical and poetic anthropology. Dante’s main themes (personal salvation, activism, living in tradition) resonated profoundly with intellectuals during the late Soviet and early post-Soviet years, which were marked by a special soteriological attitude and a belief that individuals and society not only can but must change.

本文考察但丁形象在后苏联学术界的转变。作者展示了俄罗斯语言学家弗拉基米尔·比比欣 (Vladimir Bibikhin)、奥尔加·谢达科娃 (Olga Sedakova) 和格奥尔基·奇斯蒂亚科夫 (Georgii Chistiakov) 如何通过对但丁作品的全新译本、学术著作和讲座课程向后苏联时代的读者介绍但丁的新形象，这些课程揭示了他文本中以前被掩盖的哲学和神学层面. 后苏联时代的读者接触到的但丁形象比之前苏联官方文学奖学金所描绘的更为复杂：哲学家但丁、基督教人文主义者、号召个人踏上艰难但至关重要的生存之旅的精神导师。作者还展示了 1990 年代不稳定和过渡的十年如何成为对但丁的哲学和诗歌人类学进行特别积极研究的时期。但丁的主要主题（个人救赎、激进主义、生活在传统中）在苏联晚期和后苏联早期的知识分子中产生了深刻的共鸣，其特点是一种特殊的救世论态度和一种信念，即个人和社会不仅可以而且必须改变。