ABSTRACT

To what extent did the Covid-19 pandemic affect the tools, priorities and organisation of cultural policies? And did the pandemic enhance the digital aspect of these policies? This paper compares pandemic cultural policy measures in seven European countries to answer these questions. The countries all installed a plurality of mitigating measures, combining grants and subsidies, compensation of lost income, income support and financial flexibility, creating a tendency towards cultural policy turning into economic policy, fiscal policy, and labour market policy. Cultural policies have not been fundamentally challenged by the pandemic, in the sense that it has affected the essential political tools, divisions of labour, or core goals. The responses have confirmed an existing policy structure or enhanced existing developments. The importance of a state-centred or a federalist cultural policy system has not been challenged in a substantial way. Secondly there is little evidence to show a general acceleration of national digital cultural policies.

摘要

Covid-19 大流行在多大程度上影响了文化政策的工具、优先事项和组织？大流行是否增强了这些政策的数字方面？本文比较了七个欧洲国家的流行病文化政策措施，以回答这些问题。各国都采取了多项缓解措施，将补助与补贴、收入损失补偿、收入支持和财政灵活性相结合，形成了文化政策向经济政策、财政政策和劳动力市场政策转变的趋势。文化政策并没有受到大流行的根本挑战，因为它影响了基本的政治工具、劳动分工或核心目标。答复确认了现有的政策结构或加强了现有的发展。以国家为中心或联邦制文化政策体系的重要性并未受到实质性挑战。其次，几乎没有证据表明国家数字文化政策普遍加速。