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Melanism in the grass snake Natrix natrix (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve, Romania
Herpetozoa ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2022-12-21 , DOI: 10.3897/herpetozoa.35.e85310
Geanina Fănaru , Alexandra E. Telea , Iulian Gherghel , Raluca Melenciuc

 Animal colouration has a significant ecological role in defence, reproduction, and thermoregulation. In the case of melanism, it is a complex topic. Besides potential disadvantages such as higher risk of predation, melanistic ectotherms may have certain physiological advantages such as more efficient thermoregulation in colder climates and thus, reduced basking time. The common grass snake (Natrix natrix) is a widespread species throughout Europe and Asia. It exhibits a wide range of colour polymorphisms, from olive to dark grey, even albinistic and melanistic. Between 2016 and 2021, we conducted fieldwork in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (DDBR) with the aim to document the geographic range of melanistic grass snakes. We categorised the melanistic expressions of N. natrix individuals as melanotic, completely melanistic, and partially melanistic. Melanistic snakes were encountered in all six localities visited, suggesting that the occurrence of melanistic grass snakes in the DDBR is geographically widespread. We observed both juveniles (n=2) and adults (n=11) with melanism, suggesting that individuals are born melanistic. However, the proportion of melanistic individuals in the general population of N. natrix from the DDBR is unknown. Only at Histria locality we studied the proportion of melanism in the grass snake population and 6.3% of the snakes caught were melanistic. Body size comparisons are not statistically significant because of the low sample size. The N. natrix melanistic morph’s geographical distribution in the DDBR is most likely due to an interaction of climate and habitats, which offer a thermal advantage in the face of predation pressure.

中文翻译:

来自罗马尼亚多瑙河三角洲生物圈保护区的草蛇 Natrix natrix(Linnaeus,1758 年)的黑色素

 动物着色在防御、繁殖和体温调节方面具有重要的生态学作用。就黑化症而言,这是一个复杂的话题。除了更高的捕食风险等潜在缺点外,变黑变温动物可能具有某些生理优势,例如在寒冷气候下更有效的体温调节,从而减少晒太阳的时间。普通草蛇 (Natrix natrix) 在欧洲和亚洲广泛分布。它表现出广泛的颜色多态性,从橄榄色到深灰色,甚至是白化和黑色。2016 年至 2021 年间,我们在多瑙河三角洲生物圈保护区 (DDBR) 进行了实地考察,旨在记录黑化草蛇的地理范围。我们将 N. natrix 个体的黑色素表现分类为黑色素、完全黑色素、和部分忧郁症。在访问的所有六个地方都遇到了黑化蛇,这表明 DDBR 中黑化草蛇的出现在地理上很普遍。我们观察到青少年 (n=2) 和成年人 (n=11) 都患有黑色素,这表明个体天生就是黑色素的。然而,来自 DDBR 的 N. natrix 一般种群中黑色素个体的比例是未知的。仅在 Histria 地区,我们研究了草蛇种群中黑化的比例,捕获的蛇中有 6.3% 是黑化的。由于样本量较小,体型比较在统计学上不显着。N. natrix 黑色变体在 DDBR 中的地理分布很可能是由于气候和栖息地的相互作用,这在面对捕食压力时提供了热优势。在访问的所有六个地方都遇到了黑化蛇,这表明 DDBR 中黑化草蛇的出现在地理上很普遍。我们观察到青少年 (n=2) 和成年人 (n=11) 都患有黑色素,这表明个体天生就是黑色素的。然而,来自 DDBR 的 N. natrix 一般种群中黑色素个体的比例是未知的。仅在 Histria 地区,我们研究了草蛇种群中黑化的比例,捕获的蛇中有 6.3% 是黑化的。由于样本量较小,体型比较在统计学上不显着。N. natrix 黑色变体在 DDBR 中的地理分布很可能是由于气候和栖息地的相互作用,这在面对捕食压力时提供了热优势。在访问的所有六个地方都遇到了黑化蛇,这表明 DDBR 中黑化草蛇的出现在地理上很普遍。我们观察到青少年 (n=2) 和成年人 (n=11) 都患有黑色素,这表明个体天生就是黑色素的。然而,来自 DDBR 的 N. natrix 一般种群中黑色素个体的比例是未知的。仅在 Histria 地区,我们研究了草蛇种群中黑化的比例,捕获的蛇中有 6.3% 是黑化的。由于样本量较小,体型比较在统计学上不显着。N. natrix 黑色变体在 DDBR 中的地理分布很可能是由于气候和栖息地的相互作用,这在面对捕食压力时提供了热优势。
更新日期:2022-12-21
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