SUMMARY

This article examines the post-medieval letter graffiti present at historic sites in the UK, and carries out a statistical analysis of the markings across multiple sites, with a view to determining authorship and intent. The data from the graffiti inscriptions is also examined within the wider social history context of naming traditions within the UK and elsewhere, and concludes that a measurable and distinct gender bias is present amongst the historical graffiti that has wide reaching implications with regard to concepts of gendered space and social norms.

中文翻译：

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当每个人都被称为约翰时：英国古迹中世纪后字母涂鸦的统计分析

概括

本文研究了英国历史遗迹中存在的中世纪后字母涂鸦，并对多个地点的标记进行了统计分析，以确定作者身份和意图。来自涂鸦铭文的数据也在英国和其他地方的命名传统的更广泛的社会历史背景下进行了审查，并得出结论认为，历史涂鸦中存在可测量且明显的性别偏见，这对性别概念具有广泛的影响。空间和社会规范。