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Coin Diving, Tourism, and Colonialism in the Caribbean, 1890–1940
Journal of Social History ( IF 0.802 ) Pub Date : 2022-12-27 , DOI: 10.1093/jsh/shac061
Stanley Fonseca

Between the late nineteenth and mid-twentieth century, the ongoing crises of the late-colonial Caribbean mingled with an emerging trend: white American and European tourists who flocked in growing numbers to the tropics in search of pleasure, leisure, and adventure. As these travelers arrived in port in the era before commercial flight, they encountered a ubiquitous scene: boys and young men in small rowboats, who would surround the incoming steamship and, nude or nearly nude, dive in the tropical surf for coins tossed overboard. Images and accounts of these coin divers circulated widely in travel media, and were instrumental in constructing a tourist-friendly vision of the Caribbean seaside as exotic, picturesque, erotic, and accessible. In colonial Caribbean sources, however, coin divers were viewed not as an alluring spectacle but as a criminal threat, somewhere between beggar, truant, and sex worker. The divers themselves were working-class youth inhabiting a harbor-world on the periphery of a stratified and shifting society. They experienced firsthand the transition from Caribbean colonialism to mass tourism, and used the harbor to enact a limited autonomy and demand recognition within a system that provided few meaningful alternatives. Analyzing the tensions between these contrasting modes of power—one that commodified and one that criminalized—we can better understand the complex dynamics in the transition from plantation colonialism to tourist neocolonialism in the Caribbean.

中文翻译:

加勒比地区的硬币潜水、旅游业和殖民主义,1890 年至 1940 年

在 19 世纪末和 20 世纪中叶之间,晚期殖民地加勒比地区的持续危机与一种新兴趋势交织在一起:越来越多的美国和欧洲白人游客涌向热带地区寻求乐趣、休闲和冒险。当这些旅行者在商业飞行之前的时代到达港口时,他们遇到了一个无处不在的场景:男孩和年轻人坐在小划艇上,他们会围着驶来的轮船,裸体或几乎裸体地潜入热带海浪中,寻找被抛出船外的硬币。这些硬币潜水员的图片和描述在旅游媒体上广为流传,并有助于构建加勒比海滨充满异国情调、风景如画、情色且易于接近的旅游友好景象。然而,在加勒比殖民地的资料中,投币者被视为一种介于乞丐、逃学者和性工作者之间的犯罪威胁,而不是一种诱人的景象。潜水员本身是工人阶级青年,他们居住在一个分层和不断变化的社会边缘的港口世界。他们亲身经历了从加勒比殖民主义到大众旅游的转变,并利用港口在一个几乎没有提供有意义的替代方案的系统中实现有限的自治和要求承认。分析这些截然不同的权力模式之间的紧张关系——一种商品化和一种犯罪化——我们可以更好地理解加勒比地区从种植园殖民主义向旅游新殖民主义过渡的复杂动态。潜水员本身是工人阶级青年,他们居住在一个分层和不断变化的社会边缘的港口世界。他们亲身经历了从加勒比殖民主义到大众旅游的转变,并利用港口在一个几乎没有提供有意义的替代方案的系统中实现有限的自治和要求承认。分析这些截然不同的权力模式之间的紧张关系——一种商品化和一种犯罪化——我们可以更好地理解加勒比地区从种植园殖民主义向旅游新殖民主义过渡的复杂动态。潜水员本身是工人阶级青年,他们居住在一个分层和不断变化的社会边缘的港口世界。他们亲身经历了从加勒比殖民主义到大众旅游的转变,并利用港口在一个几乎没有提供有意义的替代方案的系统中实现有限的自治和要求承认。分析这些截然不同的权力模式之间的紧张关系——一种商品化和一种犯罪化——我们可以更好地理解加勒比地区从种植园殖民主义向旅游新殖民主义过渡的复杂动态。
更新日期:2022-12-27
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