ABSTRACT

Brexit, COVID-19 and climate change pose challenges of national and global importance. They continue to have impacts across the economy, society, health, and the environment, all of which are determinants of health and well-being. Between 2018 and 2021, Public Health Wales undertook three Health Impact Assessments (HIA) in relation to the impact of the challenges in Wales. Based on these, work has been carried out to map the synergies across the ‘Triple Challenge’. This paper highlights the commonalities in the impact of the three challenges for Wales, discusses the process carried out, learns from it and proposes actions that can be taken to mitigate harm. Results indicate the three components of the Triple Challenge must not be viewed as separate silos as they have cumulative multi-faceted impacts. This affects some population groups more negatively than others and present a ‘Triple Challenge’ to nation states in the UK and Europe. A HIA approach can enable a range of stakeholders to critically view similar challenges not just as single issues but as a holistic whole to mobilise action.

摘要

英国脱欧、COVID-19 和气候变化构成了具有国家和全球重要性的挑战。它们继续对经济、社会、健康和环境产生影响，所有这些都是健康和福祉的决定因素。2018 年至 2021 年期间，威尔士公共卫生部针对威尔士挑战的影响进行了三项健康影响评估 (HIA)。在此基础上，开展了绘制“三重挑战”协同作用的工作。本文强调了威尔士面临的三大挑战的影响的共性，讨论了所开展的过程，从中吸取教训，并提出了可以采取的减轻危害的行动。结果表明，三重挑战的三个组成部分不能被视为独立的孤岛，因为它们具有累积的多方面影响。这对某些人群的影响比其他人群更大，并对英国和欧洲的民族国家构成“三重挑战”。HIA 方法可以使一系列利益相关者能够批判性地看待类似的挑战，不仅将其视为单个问题，而且将其视为一个整体，以采取行动。