Abstract

Parental emotional warmth plays a prominent role in adolescents’ hope, but few studies have examined the underlying mechanism between parental emotional warmth and hope in rural adolescents, or have compared the gender differences in the mediation models between parental emotional warmth and hope. Based on the developmental contextualism theory and Bernardo’s hope theory, this study examined the sequential mediating effect of perceived social support and prosocial behavior between parental emotional warmth and hope and test the gender differences between them. Seventeen hundred and one rural adolescents were surveyed with the Short-Form Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (s-EMBU-C), Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS), Prosocial Tendency Measure (PTM), and Hope Scale (HS). Correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlations between parental emotional warmth, perceived social support, prosocial behavior, and hope. The structural equation model showed that parental emotional warmth indirectly affected hope through the separate and sequential mediation of perceived social support and prosocial behavior. Multi-group analysis showed that boys were significantly higher than girls in the relationship between perceived social support and prosocial behavior. The results emphasized that improving parental emotional warmth, perceived social support, and encouraging rural adolescents’ prosocial behavior could effectively promote their hope.

摘要

父母情感温暖在青少年希望中发挥着突出作用，但很少有研究探讨农村青少年父母情感温暖与希望之间的内在机制，或比较父母情感温暖与希望中介模型的性别差异。本研究基于发展情境主义理论和贝尔纳多希望理论，考察了感知社会支持和亲社会行为在父母情感温暖和希望之间的序贯中介作用，并检验了两者之间的性别差异。使用简式 Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran (s-EMBU-C)、感知社会支持量表 (PSSS)、亲社会倾向量表 (PTM) 和希望量表 (HS) 对 1701 名农村青少年进行了调查。相关分析显示，父母情感温暖、感知社会支持、亲社会行为和希望之间存在正相关关系。结构方程模型表明，父母的情感温暖通过感知社会支持和亲社会行为的单独和顺序中介间接影响希望。多组分析显示，男生感知社会支持与亲社会行为的关系显着高于女生。研究结果强调，提高父母的情感温暖、感知社会支持、鼓励农村青少年的亲社会行为可以有效促进他们的希望。结构方程模型表明，父母的情感温暖通过感知社会支持和亲社会行为的单独和顺序中介间接影响希望。多组分析显示，男生感知社会支持与亲社会行为的关系显着高于女生。研究结果强调，提高父母的情感温暖、感知社会支持、鼓励农村青少年的亲社会行为可以有效促进他们的希望。结构方程模型表明，父母的情感温暖通过感知社会支持和亲社会行为的单独和顺序中介间接影响希望。多组分析显示，男生感知社会支持与亲社会行为的关系显着高于女生。研究结果强调，提高父母的情感温暖、感知社会支持、鼓励农村青少年的亲社会行为可以有效促进他们的希望。