Purpose

The objective of this article is to map and assess current evidence in women's technology entrepreneurship in business incubators with the aim of producing a conceptual framework that will allow us to understand how gender shapes the life of women technology entrepreneurs.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors conducted a systematic literature review. The data set comprises 49 publications, including peer-reviewed articles and prominent book chapters. These are first categorized according to their feminist approach and second analysed using an inductive thematic approach to map dominant concepts and research methods.

Findings

The authors develop a framework with four dimensions: (1) antecedents, (2) challenges, (3) outcomes and (4) solutions. The authors show that current literature mainly focuses on the challenges faced by women technology entrepreneurs in incubator settings. Although liberal feminist research is present, social feminist perspectives dominate, with poststructuralist research as a close second. Interestingly, current research has not focused much on individual characteristics; in other words, the baggage that women bring with them in terms of prior experiences is hardly investigated, even though there is general agreement that socialization shapes women's experiences of and responses to gender challenges.

Originality/value

The authors contribute to the literature in the following ways: The developed framework assists in understanding how gender is an overarching factor that shapes every facet of the life of a women technology entrepreneur, and how incubator environments intensify gender issues. Indeed, being in an incubator environment adds an extra layer of gendered conditions, thus intensifying the challenges that women meet, creating a “triple masculinity trap”. The review highlights that little is known about how early conditioning shapes women technology entrepreneurs' reactions to the gendered conditions they meet and that there is a lack of research on how women “do entrepreneurship”.

中文翻译：

---

孵化器环境中性别和技术创业的女权主义观点

目的

本文的目的是绘制和评估企业孵化器中女性技术创业的当前证据，目的是建立一个概念框架，使我们能够了解性别如何塑造女性技术企业家的生活。

设计/方法/途径

作者进行了系统的文献综述。该数据集包含 49 篇出版物，包括同行评审文章和著名书籍章节。这些首先根据女性主义方法进行分类，然后使用归纳主题方法进行分析，以绘制主导概念和研究方法。

发现

作者开发了一个包含四个维度的框架：(1) 前因，(2) 挑战，(3) 结果和 (4) 解决方案。作者表明，当前的文献主要关注女性技术企业家在孵化器环境中面临的挑战。尽管存在自由女权主义研究，但社会女权主义观点占主导地位，后结构主义研究紧随其后。有趣的是，目前的研究并没有过多关注个体特征。换句话说，尽管人们普遍认为社会化塑造了女性对性别挑战的体验和反应，但女性在以往经历方面带来的包袱几乎没有得到调查。

原创性/价值

作者通过以下方式对文献做出贡献： 开发的框架有助于理解性别如何成为塑造女性科技企业家生活方方面面的首要因素，以及孵化器环境如何加剧性别问题。事实上，在孵化器环境中增加了一层额外的性别条件，从而加剧了女性遇到的挑战，形成了“三重男性气质陷阱”。该评论强调，关于早期条件如何影响女性技术企业家对她们遇到的性别条件的反应知之甚少，并且缺乏关于女性如何“创业”的研究。