ABSTRACT

This article proposes that Bāgh-i iram, a Persian masnavī by Kamāl al-Dīn Shīr-ʿAlī Banāʾī, the narrative of which presents a love triangle involving brother-dynasts—hence its alternative title, Bahrām va Bihrūz—is a work of moral and ethical advice. The study posits that Banāʾī composed Bahrām va Bihrūz, which survives only in manuscript form, to honor his deceased patron, Yaʿqūb b. Ūzūn Ḥasan, leader of the Aq Qoyunlu, whose reputation as a debauchee-turned-penitent ruler Banā’ī employs to impart advice on avoiding sin and comporting oneself with rectitude. The article sheds light on Banāʾī, but also the statesmen-advisers, Qāżī Ṣafī al-Dīn ʿĪsāʾ and Shaikh Najm al-Dīn Masʿūd, and their involvement in Sulṭān Yaʿqūb's abandonment of venality. The study concludes that Bahrām va Bihrūz is unique within the literary tradition, in that its character-types, twin-brothers, and its focus on the faults of the poet's former patron are subjects not typically encountered in Persian masnavīs.

摘要

这篇文章提出Bāgh-i iram，波斯语ma s navi by Kamāl al-Dīn Shīr- ʿ Alī Banāʾī，其叙述呈现了一个涉及兄弟王朝的三角恋——因此它的替代标题，Bahrām va Bihrūz——是一部作品的道德和伦理建议。该研究认为 Banāʾī 创作了 Bahrām va Bihrūz，仅以手稿形式存在，以纪念他已故的赞助人 Ya ʿqūb。Ūzūn Ḥasan，Aq Qoyunlu 的领袖，他作为一个放荡的忏悔统治者 Bana'ī 的名声被用来传授关于避免罪恶和以正直行事的建议。这篇文章阐明了 Banāʾī，还有政治家顾问 Qāżī Ṣafī al-Dīn ʿĪsāʾ 和 Shaikh Najm al-Dīn Mas ʿ ūd，以及他们参与 Sulṭān Ya ʿ qūb 放弃贪污。该研究得出的结论是，Bahrām va Bihrūz在文学传统中是独一无二的，因为它的性格类型、孪生兄弟以及对诗人前赞助人错误的关注是波斯语ma s navī s 中通常不会遇到的主题。