The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) on titanium particles-induced oxidative stress in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. The mouse RAW264.7 macrophages were divided into four groups: (i) the control group; (ii) the CMC group received stimulation of CMC for 4 h; (iii) the titanium particles group received stimulation of titanium particles for 12 h; and (iv) the CMC group received pre-stimulation of CMC hydrogels for 4 h followed by treatment of titanium particles for 12 h. Afterwards, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level in the cells was measured by flow cytometry. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the activities of oxidases and antioxidant enzymes. Fluorescence quantitative PCR was performed to analyze mRNA levels of enzymes and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). ELISA was used to detect the mass concentration of TNF-α after indicated treatment. CMC effectively suppressed titanium particles-induced oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells, as evidenced by the decrease in intracellular ROS level, the transcription of oxidases, and TNF-α concentration as well as the increase in the transcription of antioxidant enzymes. CMC exerts a protective impact against wear particles-induced oxidative stress and reduces the release of TNF-α in RAW264.7 cells.

本研究的目的是确定羧甲基壳聚糖 (CMC) 对钛颗粒诱导的小鼠 RAW264.7 巨噬细胞氧化应激的影响。小鼠RAW264.7巨噬细胞分为四组：（i）对照组；(ii) CMC组接受CMC刺激4小时；(iii) 钛颗粒组接受钛颗粒刺激12 h；(iv) CMC 组接受 CMC 水凝胶预刺激 4 小时，然后用钛颗粒处理 12 小时。然后，通过流式细胞仪测量细胞中的活性氧 (ROS) 水平。使用分光光度计测量氧化酶和抗氧化酶的活性。进行荧光定量 PCR 以分析酶和肿瘤坏死因子 α (TNF-α) 的 mRNA 水平。采用 ELISA 检测指定处理后 TNF-α 的质量浓度。CMC 有效抑制钛颗粒诱导的 RAW264.7 细胞氧化应激，表现为细胞内 ROS 水平降低、氧化酶转录和 TNF-α 浓度降低以及抗氧化酶转录增加。CMC 对磨损颗粒引起的氧化应激具有保护作用，并减少 RAW264.7 细胞中 TNF-α 的释放。