Kinesins constitute a superfamily of microtubule (MT)-based motor proteins, which can perform diverse biological functions in cells such as transporting vesicle, regulating MT dynamics, and segregating chromosome. Some motors such as kinesin-1, kinesin-2, and kinesin-3 do the activity mainly on the MT lattice, while others such as kinesin-7 and kinesin-8 do the activity mainly at the MT plus end. To perform the different functions, it is required that the former motors can reside on the MT lattice for longer times than at the end, while the latter motors can reside at the MT plus end for long times. Here, a simple but general theory of the MT-end residence time of the kinesin motor is presented, with which the factors dictating the residence time are determined. The theory is further used to study specifically the MT-end residence times of Drosophila kinesin-1, kinesin-2/KIF3AB, kinesin-3/Unc104, kinesin-5/Eg5, kinesin-7/CENP-E, and kinesin-8/Kip3 motors, with the theoretical results being in agreement with the available experimental data.

驱动蛋白构成一个基于微管 (MT) 的运动蛋白超家族，它可以在细胞中执行多种生物学功能，例如转运囊泡、调节 MT 动力学和分离染色体。一些马达如 kinesin-1、kinesin-2 和 kinesin-3 主要在 MT 晶格上进行活动，而其他如 kinesin-7 和 kinesin-8 主要在 MT 加端进行活动。为了实现不同的功能，要求前者电机在MT格子上的驻留时间长于末尾，而后者电机在MT正端驻留的时间长。在这里，提出了驱动蛋白马达 MT 端停留时间的简单但一般的理论，确定了决定停留时间的因素。该理论进一步用于具体研究 MT 端停留时间果蝇kinesin-1、kinesin-2/KIF3AB、kinesin-3/Unc104、kinesin-5/Eg5、kinesin-7/CENP-E 和 kinesin-8/Kip3 马达，理论结果与现有实验结果一致数据。