SUMMARY

In this paper we describe how and why turkeys were introduced to Sweden during the 16th century, and how the bird spread to different social groups in the 17th century. We present data from unpublished financial records and provide a compilation of all archaeological findings of turkeys from the geographical area of present-day Sweden. The results show that turkeys, first imported by Duke Karl of Sweden in the 1580s, had spread to the Swedish nobility by the 1610s. During the first decades of turkey husbandry in Sweden, turkeys were items of conspicuous consumption, used to show off during elite dinners and as gifts to peers and subsequently also to subordinates. During the 17th century, the bird was adopted by the urban upper middle class. Early modern Swedish turkeys were small, and likely less affected by selective breeding when compared to modern heritage-breed turkeys.

概括

在本文中，我们描述了火鸡在 16 世纪如何以及为何被引入瑞典，以及火鸡如何在 17 世纪传播到不同的社会群体。我们提供来自未发表的财务记录的数据，并提供来自当今瑞典地理区域的火鸡的所有考古发现的汇编。结果显示，火鸡于 1580 年代首次由瑞典卡尔公爵进口，到 1610 年代已传播到瑞典贵族。在瑞典火鸡饲养的最初几十年里，火鸡是一种炫耀性消费物品，用来在精英晚宴上炫耀，也可以作为礼物送给同事，随后也送给下属。17世纪期间，这种鸟被城市上层中产阶级所收养。早期现代瑞典火鸡很小，