ABSTRACT

In the last two decades, the Bronze Age chronology of the Great Urals was revolutionized by the first large-scale radiocarbon dating programs. Since then, the chronology of the Bronze Age in this area has been under discussion. In this paper, we present 23 new AMS dates from Late Bronze Age sites in the steppe and forest steppe areas of the southern Trans-Urals and northwestern Kazakhstan. This includes the first successful dating of cremated bone samples from this area. Bayesian modeling was conducted to date the Late Bronze Age into three chronological phases. The considerable number of outliers suggests previously undetected biases in the material. In addition, we found differences between the Bayesian models of the steppe and forest steppe areas that are not reflected in the archaeological record. This study emphasizes the value of Bayesian modeling for the prehistoric chronology of the Great Urals but also highlights its issues.

摘要

在过去的二十年里，大乌拉尔的青铜时代年代学因第一个大规模放射性碳测年计划而发生革命性变化。从那时起，该地区的青铜时代年代就一直在讨论中。在本文中，我们展示了 23 个新的 AMS 年代，这些遗址来自跨乌拉尔山脉南部和哈萨克斯坦西北部的草原和森林草原地区的青铜时代晚期遗址。这包括对该地区的火化骨头样本进行的首次成功测年。贝叶斯建模将晚期青铜时代划分为三个时间阶段。大量异常值表明材料中存在以前未检测到的偏差。此外，我们还发现了考古记录中未反映的草原和森林草原地区贝叶斯模型之间的差异。