Preeclampsia and HIV are a significant burden to maternal health globally, especially in low-middle income countries such as South Africa. In the KwaZulu-Natal province, SA antenatal HIV prevalence is 41.1%, while PE is 12%. PE and HIV infections are maternal stress and inflammation that impact placental function and fetal development. Therefore, this study investigated the impact of the comorbidity of PE and HIV on placental stress and neurodevelopment. Placentae were obtained from four cohorts of pregnant women: normotensive HIV negative, normotensive HIV positive, preeclamptic HIV negative, and preeclamptic HIV positive. The placental tissue sections were immunostained for OGT and T4. Our findings showed that the maternal weight, diastolic, and systolic blood pressures (BP) were higher in PE vs. the normotensive groups, irrespective of HIV status. In addition, significant changes were noticed in the placental weight, fetoplacental ratio, and placental efficiency coefficient. Our findings showed that the maternal weight, diastolic, and systolic blood pressures (BP) were statistically higher in the PE compared to the normotensive. No significant differences were observed between HIV positive and HIV negative groups. In addition, significant changes were noticed in the placental weight, fetoplacental ratio, and placental coefficient. Furthermore, considerable upregulation in the placental expression of OGT in both the conducting and exchange villi of PE and concomitant downregulation in HIV-positive patients compared with Normotensive and HIV-negative individuals, respectively. Our results provide inferential evidence on the dysregulation of OGT in the comorbidity of PE and HIV. This may mediate a compromised programmed outcome of an adverse maternal environment during pregnancy and consequently affect fetal development.

先兆子痫和艾滋病毒是全球孕产妇健康的重大负担，尤其是在南非等中低收入国家。在夸祖鲁-纳塔尔省，SA 产前 HIV 感染率为 41.1%，而 PE 为 12%。PE 和 HIV 感染是影响胎盘功能和胎儿发育的母体压力和炎症。因此，本研究调查了 PE 和 HIV 合并症对胎盘应激和神经发育的影响。胎盘取自四组孕妇：血压正常的 HIV 阴性、血压正常的 HIV 阳性、先兆子痫 HIV 阴性和先兆子痫 HIV 阳性。对胎盘组织切片进行 OGT 和 T4 免疫染色。我们的研究结果表明，与正常血压组相比，PE 组的母亲体重、舒张压和收缩压 (BP) 更高，与 HIV 状态无关。此外，胎盘重量、胎盘比和胎盘效率系数也发生了显着变化。我们的研究结果表明，产妇体重与正常血压相比， PE 中的舒张压和收缩压 (BP) 在统计学上更高。在 HIV 阳性和 HIV 阴性组之间没有观察到显着差异。此外，胎盘重量、胎盘比和胎盘系数也有显着变化。此外，与血压正常和 HIV 阴性的个体相比，在 PE 的传导和交换绒毛中 OGT 的胎盘表达显着上调，并且在 HIV 阳性患者中伴随下调。我们的结果为 PE 和 HIV 合并症中 OGT 失调提供了推论证据。这可能会调解怀孕期间不利母体环境的受损程序结果，从而影响胎儿发育。