The goal of this study is to investigate the impact of the topographic features of Mount Karanfil and its surroundings on the local climate. Mount Karanfil, located in the Mediterranean Basin, has a unique ecological position due to its topography. This study analyzed temperature, precipitation, and wind conditions at Mount Karanfil from 1980 to 2018 using data from the General Directorate of Meteorology (MGM). The temperature indices were calculated using the Clima data and the ArcGIS v10.5 software package. The temperature indices series was analyzed using cluster analysis in ArcGIS v10.5 before being used to calculate the maximum and minimum temperature and precipitation values for each month. The spatial estimation method IDW interpolation was then applied to these data. The initial analysis showed significant differences in temperature, precipitation, and wind conditions between this location and others. This may be due to the southern aspect of the landscape, which receives more precipitation than other slopes and is affected by south-oriented sectoral winds that bring abundant precipitation to the southern slopes. The results of the temperature indices analysis showed that evaporation tends to increase on hot days with high maximum temperatures compared to days with low minimum temperatures. The Emberger bioclimatic index also confirmed the typical Mediterranean climate of mild, rainy winters and hot, dry summers. In addition to the regional climate and geology, the geomorphologic conditions of the mountainous mass and the specific valley profiles of the Ecemis stream and Cakıt stream (such as the strait valley) were found to influence the local climate. These valley profiles, which are composed of narrow and deep dolomitic and limestone layers, showed differences in climate due to their slope, elevation, and aspect, as analyzed using digital elevation models with a resolution of 10–20 m. These topographic analyses revealed that elevation decreases and humidity increases in alluvial valley floors.

中文翻译：

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卡兰菲尔山 (Pozantı/Adana) 的地形和气候

本研究的目的是调查卡兰菲尔山及其周边地区的地形特征对当地气候的影响。位于地中海盆地的卡兰菲尔山，因其地势而具有得天独厚的生态地位。本研究使用气象总局 (MGM) 的数据分析了 1980 年至 2018 年卡兰菲尔山的温度、降水和风力状况。使用 Clima 数据和 ArcGIS v10.5 软件包计算温度指数。在用于计算每个月的最高和最低温度和降水值之前，使用 ArcGIS v10.5 中的聚类分析对温度指数系列进行分析。然后将空间估计方法 IDW 插值应用于这些数据。初步分析表明温度存在显着差异，该位置与其他位置之间的降水量和风力条件。这可能是由于景观的南面比其他斜坡接收更多的降水，并且受到向南的扇形风的影响，为南坡带来丰富的降水。温度指数分析结果表明，与最低温度较低的日子相比，最高温度较高的炎热天气蒸发量有增加的趋势。Emberger 生物气候指数也证实了典型的地中海气候，冬季温和多雨，夏季炎热干燥。除了区域气候和地质，山地的地貌条件和 Ecemis 溪流和 Cakıt 溪流的特定山谷剖面（如海峡山谷）被发现影响当地气候。这些山谷剖面，由狭窄而深的白云岩和石灰岩层组成，使用分辨率为 10-20 m 的数字高程模型进行分析，显示出由于坡度、海拔和坡向而导致的气候差异。这些地形分析表明，冲积谷底的海拔降低，湿度增加。