Abstract

The article presents the results of testing a comprehensive scheme of ecological and economic assessment of land degradation in various regions of the European part of the Russian Federation—Volgograd, Belgorod, Kaliningrad, and Penza oblasts. This scheme includes the use of several methodological approaches—calculation of the amount of damage/harm, which allows one to assess degradation at the present time; determination of land-degradation neutrality (LDN), reflecting the development of degradation processes in dynamics; and assessment of the ratio of the cost of “inaction” to the cost of “action” in relation to the restoration of degraded lands (the methodology of Joachim von Braun), demonstrating the prospects of current land use and predicting the profitability of projects for the restoration of the territory. The originality of the scheme is determined by the possibility of simultaneous detailed analysis of degradation processes in soils and lands in retrospect and at the present time, as well as forecasting them in the future. The results were obtained using the application of the methodology of von Braun. On the one hand, they are based to a certain extent on the methodology of calculating damage from soil and land degradation (here, the cost of restoration or damage is used in the calculations), on the other hand, they come into some contradiction with the results of calculating the LDN for the studied regions. Thus, for the Volgograd oblast with the lowest for the regions value of the neutral balance indicator of land degradation (indicator values of the state of land degradation decay the most), provides a favorable forecast for the success of the implementation of reclamation measures.

中文翻译：

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俄罗斯联邦地区土地退化的生态和经济评估经验

摘要

本文介绍了在俄罗斯联邦欧洲部分的不同地区——伏尔加格勒、别尔哥罗德、加里宁格勒和奔萨州——对土地退化进行生态和经济评估综合方案的测试结果。该方案包括使用几种方法——计算损害/伤害的数量，这允许人们评估目前的退化；确定土地退化中性（LDN），反映动态退化过程的发展；评估与退化土地恢复相关的“不作为”成本与“采取行动”成本的比率（Joachim von Braun 的方法），展示当前土地利用的前景并预测项目的盈利能力领土的恢复。该方案的独创性取决于同时对回顾和当前的土壤和土地退化过程进行详细分析的可能性，以及对未来进行预测的可能性。使用 von Braun 的方法获得结果。一方面，它们在一定程度上基于计算土壤和土地退化损害的方法（此处，计算中使用了恢复或损害的成本），另一方面，它们与计算研究区域的 LDN 的结果。因此，对于土地退化中性平衡指标值最低的伏尔加格勒州（土地退化状态指标值衰减最严重），