We review the existing literature on the role of parenthood as a motivator of environmental engagement (the green parenthood effect), focusing particularly on climate change. We find that parenthood is severely understudied as a mechanism that may influence climate change-relevant behavior. The literature on the role of parenthood in driving environmental engagement is mixed, due in part to the role of baseline individual and group characteristics that lead to different impacts of parenthood on environmental engagement as well as to the countervailing impact of intense time and budget constraints imposed by parenthood. Some studies suggest that parenthood increases pro-environmental engagements, while others find no effects or negative effects. We theorize that potential mediators and moderators need to be taken into account to get a clearer picture of how parenthood influences pro-environmental engagement. We highlight underlying proposed mechanisms that might be activated during the transition to parenthood (i.e., legacy motives, generativity, perceived responsibility), potential moderators of the green parenthood effect, and insights for public engagement.

中文翻译：

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绿色父母身份对环境和气候参与影响的范围界定审查

我们回顾了关于父母身份作为环境参与的激励因素（绿色父母身份效应）的作用的现有文献，特别关注气候变化。我们发现，作为一种可能影响气候变化相关行为的机制，父母身份被严重低估。关于父母身份在推动环境参与中的作用的文献参差不齐，部分原因是基线个人和群体特征的作用导致父母身份对环境参与的不同影响，以及强烈的时间和预算限制的抵消影响为人父母。一些研究表明，为人父母会增加环保参与，而另一些研究则没有发现任何影响或负面影响。我们的理论是，需要考虑潜在的调解者和调节者，以更清楚地了解为人父母如何影响环保参与。我们强调了在向父母身份过渡期间可能被激活的潜在提议机制（即，遗留动机、生育能力、感知责任）、绿色父母身份效应的潜在调节因素以及公众参与的见解。