Pediatric neurobrucellosis represents a common anthropozoonosis in endemic areas but only anecdotal reports are available till date. Using appropriate search terms in the database platforms of MEDLINE, SCOPUS and Web of Sciences, we performed a systematic review of all the cases of pediatric neurobrucellosis published in the medical literature till date, in the light of a case report. The protocol was registered under PROSPERO (CRD42022333907). Our search strategy yielded 187 citations of which 51 citations were included. A total of 119 cases were reviewed. Of these cases, eight of them had insufficient data. The most common presentation was meningitis with or without encephalitis (n = 79, 71.2%). A high prevalence of cranial neuropathies (n = 22, 20.7%) was observed in the pediatric population in which abducens palsy was the most common (n = 9, 8.1%). Diagnosis was based on multimodal investigations including standard agglutination test (n = 44, 39.6%), Rose Bengal test (n = 37, 33.3%), blood culture (n = 23, 20.7%), serology (n = 20, 18.0%) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture (n = 11, 9.9%). Rifampicin-based triple drug regimen was the most commonly employed (83/102, 81.4%). Pediatric neurobrucellosis was associated with greater frequency of sequalae (5.4%), deafness (2.7%) and mortality (2.7%), when compared to that of general population. Neurobrucellosis mimics neuro-tuberculosis in various aspects. The review highlights several unique aspects of this entity in children. A high index of suspicion can ensure prompt diagnosis, timely initiation of management and favorable outcomes.

中文翻译：

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小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病：系统评价和病例报告。

小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病是流行地区常见的人畜共患病，但迄今为止只有轶事报道。在 MEDLINE、SCOPUS 和 Web of Sciences 数据库平台中使用适当的搜索词，我们根据病例报告对迄今为止医学文献中发表的所有小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病病例进行了系统回顾。该协议已在 PROSPERO (CRD42022333907) 下注册。我们的搜索策略产生了 187 次引用，其中包含 51 次引用。共审查了119个案例。在这些案例中，有八个案例的数据不足。最常见的表现是伴有或不伴有脑炎的脑膜炎 (n = 79, 71.2%)。在外展麻痹最常见的儿科人群中观察到颅神经病变的高患病率 (n = 22, 20.7%) (n = 9, 8. 1%)。诊断基于多模式调查，包括标准凝集试验 (n = 44, 39.6%)、玫瑰红试验 (n = 37, 33.3%)、血培养 (n = 23, 20.7%)、血清学 (n = 20, 18.0%) ) 和脑脊液 (CSF) 培养 (n = 11, 9.9%)。基于利福平的三联药物方案是最常用的 (83/102, 81.4%)。与普通人群相比，小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病与后遗症 (5.4%)、耳聋 (2.7%) 和死亡率 (2.7%) 的频率更高有关。神经性布鲁氏菌病在各个方面模仿神经性结核病。该综述强调了该实体在儿童中的几个独特方面。高度怀疑可以确保及时诊断、及时启动管理和良好的结果。玫瑰红试验 (n = 37, 33.3%)、血培养 (n = 23, 20.7%)、血清学 (n = 20, 18.0%) 和脑脊液 (CSF) 培养 (n = 11, 9.9%)。基于利福平的三联药物方案是最常用的 (83/102, 81.4%)。与普通人群相比，小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病与后遗症 (5.4%)、耳聋 (2.7%) 和死亡率 (2.7%) 的频率更高有关。神经性布鲁氏菌病在各个方面模仿神经性结核病。该综述强调了该实体在儿童中的几个独特方面。高度怀疑可以确保及时诊断、及时启动管理和良好的结果。玫瑰红试验 (n = 37, 33.3%)、血培养 (n = 23, 20.7%)、血清学 (n = 20, 18.0%) 和脑脊液 (CSF) 培养 (n = 11, 9.9%)。基于利福平的三联药物方案是最常用的 (83/102, 81.4%)。与普通人群相比，小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病与后遗症 (5.4%)、耳聋 (2.7%) 和死亡率 (2.7%) 的频率更高有关。神经性布鲁氏菌病在各个方面模仿神经性结核病。该综述强调了该实体在儿童中的几个独特方面。高度怀疑可以确保及时诊断、及时启动管理和良好的结果。基于利福平的三联药物方案是最常用的 (83/102, 81.4%)。与普通人群相比，小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病与后遗症 (5.4%)、耳聋 (2.7%) 和死亡率 (2.7%) 的频率更高有关。神经性布鲁氏菌病在各个方面模仿神经性结核病。该综述强调了该实体在儿童中的几个独特方面。高度怀疑可以确保及时诊断、及时启动管理和良好的结果。基于利福平的三联药物方案是最常用的 (83/102, 81.4%)。与普通人群相比，小儿神经性布鲁氏菌病与后遗症 (5.4%)、耳聋 (2.7%) 和死亡率 (2.7%) 的频率更高有关。神经性布鲁氏菌病在各个方面模仿神经性结核病。该综述强调了该实体在儿童中的几个独特方面。高度怀疑可以确保及时诊断、及时启动管理和良好的结果。