We aimed to study the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rate and routine follow-up practices including immunization. A total of 62 neonates born to COVID-19 positive mothers and an equal number of neonates born to COVID-19 negative mothers were prospectively evaluated for EBF rate and routine neonatal follow-up practices including delay (>7 days) in routine immunization at 3 months follow-up. We further tried to compare the results across two epochs (epoch 1, March–June 2020 and epoch 2, July–November 2020). There was significantly lesser number of babies born to COVID-19 positive mothers on EBF at 3 months of age when compared with the control group (45.1% vs. 96.7%, p = 0.00) as well it was significantly lesser in epoch 1 when compared with epoch 2 (16% vs. 74%, p = 0.00). Further, a significantly higher number of babies born to COVID-19 positive mothers had their routine immunization delayed with no significant difference across the epochs. There was no significant difference in growth parameters between babies born to COVID-19 positive mother when compared with the control group as well as across the epochs. The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted the EBF rates as well as hampered the routine immunization practices among babies born to COVID-19 positive mothers. Although such practices got improved after the implementation of evidence-based national guidelines, but it is still much below when compared with those born to COVID-19 negative mother.

中文翻译：

---

三级医院 COVID-19 阳性母亲所生婴儿的母乳喂养方式、生​​长参数和免疫接种方式的短期随访研究

我们旨在研究 COVID-19 大流行对纯母乳喂养 (EBF) 率和包括免疫接种在内的常规后续措施的影响。前瞻性评估了 COVID-19 阳性母亲所生的 62 名新生儿和 COVID-19 阴性母亲所生的同等数量的新生儿的 EBF 率和常规新生儿随访实践，包括常规免疫接种延迟（>7 天） 3个月随访。我们进一步尝试比较两个时期的结果（时期 1，2020 年 3 月至 6 月和时期 2，2020 年 7 月至 11 月）。与对照组相比，在 3 个月大时接受 EBF 的 COVID-19 阳性母亲所生的婴儿数量明显较少（45.1% 对 96.7%，p = 0.00），而且在第 1 阶段也明显较少第 2 代（16% 对 74%，p = 0.00）。更远，COVID-19 呈阳性的母亲所生的婴儿中，常规免疫接种被延迟的人数明显增加，而且各个时期之间没有显着差异。与对照组以及不同时期相比，COVID-19 阳性母亲所生婴儿的生长参数没有显着差异。COVID-19 大流行显着扰乱了 EBF 率，并阻碍了 COVID-19 阳性母亲所生婴儿的常规免疫接种。虽然这种做法在实施基于证据的国家指南后得到了改善，但与 COVID-19 阴性母亲所生的孩子相比，仍然低很多。与对照组以及不同时期相比，COVID-19 阳性母亲所生婴儿的生长参数没有显着差异。COVID-19 大流行显着扰乱了 EBF 率，并阻碍了 COVID-19 阳性母亲所生婴儿的常规免疫接种。虽然这种做法在实施基于证据的国家指南后得到了改善，但与 COVID-19 阴性母亲所生的孩子相比，仍然低很多。与对照组以及不同时期相比，COVID-19 阳性母亲所生婴儿的生长参数没有显着差异。COVID-19 大流行显着扰乱了 EBF 率，并阻碍了 COVID-19 阳性母亲所生婴儿的常规免疫接种。虽然这种做法在实施基于证据的国家指南后得到了改善，但与 COVID-19 阴性母亲所生的孩子相比，仍然低很多。