Biomolecular condensates are membrane-less assemblies of proteins and nucleic acids. Centrosomes are biomolecular condensates that play a crucial role in nuclear division, cytoskeletal remodeling, and cilia formation in animal cells. Spatial omics technology is providing new insights into the dynamic exchange of spliceosome components between the nucleus and the centrosome/cilium. Intriguingly, centrosomes are emerging as cytoplasmic sites for information storage, enriched with RNA molecules and RNA-processing proteins. Furthermore, growing evidence supports the view that nuclear spliceosome components assembled at the centrosome function as potential coordinators of splicing subprograms, pluripotency, and cell differentiation. In this article, we first discuss the current understanding of the centrosome/cilium complex, which controls both stem cell differentiation and pluripotency. We next explore the molecular mechanisms that govern splicing factor assembly and disassembly around the centrosome and examine how RNA processing pathways contribute to ciliogenesis. Finally, we discuss numerous unresolved compelling questions regarding the centrosome-associated spliceosome components and transcript variants within the cytoplasm as sources of RNA-based secondary messages in the regulation of cell identity and cell fate determination.

中文翻译：

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关于中心体相关剪接体成分作为纤毛发生和组织身份调节剂的新见解

生物分子缩合物是蛋白质和核酸的无膜组装体。中心体是生物分子凝聚体，在动物细胞的核分裂、细胞骨架重塑和纤毛形成中发挥着至关重要的作用。空间组学技术为细胞核和中心体/纤毛之间剪接体成分的动态交换提供了新的见解。有趣的是，中心体正在成为信息存储的细胞质位点，富含 RNA 分子和 RNA 加工蛋白。此外，越来越多的证据支持这样的观点：在中心体组装的核剪接体成分充当剪接子程序、多能性和细胞分化的潜在协调者。在本文中，我们首先讨论目前对中心体/纤毛复合体的理解，它控制干细胞分化和多能性。接下来，我们探索控制中心体周围剪接因子组装和分解的分子机制，并研究 RNA 加工途径如何促进纤毛发生。最后，我们讨论了许多尚未解决的引人注目的问题，即细胞质内的中心体相关剪接体成分和转录变体作为细胞身份和细胞命运决定调节中基于 RNA 的次级信息的来源。