Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), the lesser mealworm, is a ubiquitous generalist 
pest of poultry broiler and layer facilities, originating in southern Africa and now found worldwide. They spend their full life cycle within the litter and manure of poultry, causing structural damage to poultry houses, injuring birds, and acting as a reservoir for several avian pathogens, notably Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli. Management commonly consists of spraying walls and floors of poultry houses with organophosphates, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, or spinosyns between flocks, and periodic removal and replacement of litter. Populations have been observed to become resistant to specific insecticides after ca. 10 yr of consistent use and exhibit cross resistance to insecticides of the same mode of action. Alternative cultural and biological control methods have been identified but are not currently implemented. More research is needed regarding the economic impact of A. diaperinus, the mechanisms of its insecticide resistance, and patterns and mechanisms of colonization for effective integrated pest management programs to be devised and implemented.

中文翻译：

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肉鸡舍小黄粉虫（鞘翅目：拟粉虫科）的生物学和管理

Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer)（鞘翅目：拟粉虫科）是一种较小的粉虫，是一种普遍存在的通才，是家禽肉鸡和蛋鸡设施的害虫，原产于南部非洲，现在遍布全球。它们的整个生命周期都在家禽的垫料和粪便中度过，对禽舍造成结构性破坏，伤害鸟类，并充当多种禽类病原体的宿主，特别是沙门氏菌属。和大肠杆菌。管理通常包括在鸡群之间用有机磷酸盐、拟除虫菊酯、新烟碱类或多杀菌素喷洒禽舍的墙壁和地板，以及定期清除和更换垫料。据观察，人口在约 持续使用 10 年，并对具有相同作用方式的杀虫剂表现出交叉耐药性。已经确定了替代的文化和生物控制方法，但目前尚未实施。需要对 A. diaperinus 的经济影响、其杀虫剂抗性机制以及定植模式和机制进行更多研究，以便设计和实施有效的害虫综合管理计划。