The WHO recommends preventive treatment for all pediatric contacts of a confirmed TB case, but coverage remains low in many high TB burden countries. We aimed to assess the coverage and adherence of the isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) program among children under 5 years of age with household exposure to an adult pulmonary TB case in a rural district of Southern Mozambique. The estimated IPT coverage was 11.7%. A longer distance to the health center and lower age of the children hindered IPT initiation. Among patients who started IPT, 12/18 (69.9%) were adherent to the 6-month treatment.

中文翻译：

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莫桑比克南部 Manhiça 5 岁以下儿童开始并坚持使用异烟肼预防性治疗

世卫组织建议对确诊结核病病例的所有儿科接触者进行预防性治疗，但在许多结核病高负担国家的覆盖率仍然很低。我们旨在评估莫桑比克南部农村地区 5 岁以下家庭接触成人肺结核病例的儿童异烟肼预防性治疗 (IPT) 计划的覆盖率和依从性。估计的 IPT 覆盖率为 11.7%。距离健康中心较远和儿童年龄较小阻碍了 IPT 的启动。在开始 IPT 的患者中，12/18 (69.9%) 坚持 6 个月的治疗。