Cytokinins are phytohormones that participate in regulation of all aspects of plant growth and development, including response to biotic agents. Fungi of different taxonomic and trophic groups synthesize cytokinins, employing them for interaction with plants, both friendly and hostile. They also appear to be able to manipulate the host plant genes of cytokinin biosynthesis and metabolism to their own benefit. In this review, we analyzed the data about changes in the level and composition of cytokinin pool under fungi influence, the effect of exogenous hormones on the growth of fungi in culture and in situ, changes in the physiology and metabolism of fungi due to genetic transformations related to cytokinins. The possible role of cytokinins in the regulation of macromycete development is discussed as well. The pattern of cytokinin dynamics allow us to consider the hormones of this class as potential regulators of fungi growth. Further explore of fungal cytokinins is essential to improve biotechnology using fungi as raw materials for medicine and agricultural production.

细胞分裂素是植物激素，参与植物生长和发育各个方面的调节，包括对生物制剂的反应。不同分类学和营养组的真菌合成细胞分裂素，利用它们与友好和敌对植物相互作用。它们似乎还能够操纵细胞分裂素生物合成和代谢的宿主植物基因，为它们自己谋利。在这篇综述中，我们分析了真菌影响下细胞分裂素库的水平和组成变化、外源激素对培养和原位真菌生长的影响的数据，由于与细胞分裂素相关的遗传转化而引起的真菌生理学和新陈代谢的变化。还讨论了细胞分裂素在调节大型真菌发育中的可能作用。细胞分裂素动力学模式使我们能够将此类激素视为真菌生长的潜在调节剂。进一步探索真菌细胞分裂素对于改进以真菌为原料的医药和农业生产的生物技术至关重要。