ABSTRACT

There are over 7 million ha of eucalypt and acacia plantations in Southeast Asia (SE Asia), comprising both corporate and smallholder plantings. These plantations contribute significantly to national and regional economies and provide diverse ecosystem services. Increased trade, the global movement of people, and a changing climate increase the threat of invasive plantation pests in SE Asia. Here, we review the history of forest biosecurity research in SE Asia to determine what is needed now for the implementation of sustainable biosecurity management systems. Historically, substantial Australian aid funding has been directed at the development of eucalypt and acacia plantations in the region. Attention has been increasing on forest health and biosecurity research since the 1990s, driven by development of the timber plantation estate and the emergence of diseases such as Ceratocystis and insect pests such as Leptocybe invasa. The research agenda has focused on key insect pest and disease taxa and on understanding their biology, topical treatments, breeding responses and land-use planning approaches as means for control and management. We find there is a need for more systemic approaches, including surveillance and pre-emptive strategies, to strengthen timber plantation biosecurity. Greater consideration of socioeconomic and sociocultural contexts will be required to address these challenges. Developing new biosecurity capacity to better detect, and coordinate responses to, forest pest incursions can minimise the potential impacts of invasive pests.

摘要

东南亚（SE Asia）有超过 700 万公顷的桉树和金合欢种植园，包括企业种植园和小农种植园。这些种植园对国家和地区经济做出了重大贡献，并提供多样化的生态系统服务。贸易的增加、人员的全球流动和气候变化增加了东南亚入侵性种植园害虫的威胁。在这里，我们回顾了东南亚森林生物安全研究的历史，以确定现在实施可持续生物安全管理系统需要什么。从历史上看，澳大利亚的大量援助资金一直用于该地区桉树和金合欢种植园的发展。自 1990 年代以来，人们越来越关注森林健康和生物安全研究，Ceratocystis和Leptocybe invasa等害虫。研究议程的重点是关键的病虫害分类群，以及了解它们的生物学、局部治疗、育种反应和土地利用规划方法，作为控制和管理的手段。我们发现需要更系统的方法，包括监视和先发制人的战略，以加强木材种植园的生物安全。应对这些挑战需要更多地考虑社会经济和社会文化背景。发展新的生物安全能力以更好地检测和协调应对森林有害生物入侵可以最大限度地减少入侵有害生物的潜在影响。