Recently, the quantum formalism and methodology have been used in application to the modelling of information processing in biosystems, mainly to the process of decision making and psychological behaviour (but some applications in microbiology and genetics are considered as well). Since a living system is fundamentally open (an isolated biosystem is dead), the theory of open quantum systems is the most powerful tool for life-modelling. In this paper, we turn to the famous Schrödinger’s book “What is life?” and reformulate his speculations in terms of this theory. Schrödinger pointed to order preservation as one of the main distinguishing features of biosystems. Entropy is the basic quantitative measure of order. In physical systems, entropy has the tendency to increase (Second Law of Thermodynamics for isolated classical systems and dissipation in open classical and quantum systems). Schrödinger emphasized the ability of biosystems to beat this tendency. We demonstrate that systems processing information in the quantum-like way can preserve the order-structure expressed by the quantum (von Neumann or linear) entropy. We emphasize the role of the special class of quantum dynamics and initial states generating the camel-like graphs for entropy-evolution in the process of interaction with a new environment ${ℰ}$: 1) entropy (disorder) increasing in the process of adaptation to the specific features of ${ℰ}$; 2) entropy decreasing (order increasing) resulting from adaptation; 3) the restoration of order or even its increase for limiting steady state. In the latter case the steady state entropy can be even lower than the entropy of the initial state.

最近，量子形式主义和方法论已被应用于生物系统中信息处理的建模，主要是决策过程和心理行为（但也考虑了微生物学和遗传学中的一些应用）。由于生命系统基本上是开放的（孤立的生物系统是死的），开放量子系统理论是生命建模的最强大工具。在本文中，我们转向著名的薛定谔的书“生命是什么？” 并根据这一理论重新表述他的推测。薛定谔指出秩序保存是生物系统的主要区别特征之一。熵是秩序的基本定量度量。在物理系统中，熵有增加的趋势（孤立经典系统的热力学第二定律和开放经典和量子系统的耗散）。薛定谔强调了生物系统克服这种趋势的能力。我们证明，以类似量子的方式处理信息的系统可以保留由量子（冯诺依曼或线性）熵表示的有序结构。我们强调特殊类别的量子动力学和初始状态产生的作用与新环境交互过程中熵演化的骆驼图${ℰ}$：1）熵（无序）在适应特定特征的过程中增加${ℰ}$; 2) 适应导致的熵减（阶增）；3) 恢复秩序甚至增加极限稳态。在后一种情况下，稳态熵甚至可能低于初始状态的熵。