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Studying Executive Function in Culturally Meaningful Ways
Journal of Cognition and Development ( IF 2.580 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-03 , DOI: 10.1080/15248372.2022.2160722
Suzanne Gaskins 1 , Lucía Alcalá 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Children’s development of executive function is a good candidate for studying cultural differences because it is a necessary capacity for becoming competent participants in cultural activities, and yet it is also likely to be shaped by culturally organized everyday experiences, with potential consequences for children’s development and learning. An ethnographically grounded study with Yucatec Maya children was conducted to explore cultural bias in existing theoretical constructs and methods. Yucatec Maya children autonomously organize their daily activities within a dense web of family social connections and work responsibilities. Yet small pilot samples of 4- to 8-year-olds were uninterested in and performed poorly on many traditional measures of EF due to a number of cultural assumptions inherent in the tasks’ logic and demands. Specific cultural road blocks were identified, including assumptions about motivation, task meaning, rules of social interaction, and specific cultural beliefs. Several novel tasks were then developed, comprised of contextually situated, goal-driven tasks, that children were more motivated to engage in. To check on the accuracy of our analysis we propose a design for a future comparative study consisting of a mix of traditional tasks (both culturally interpretable and culturally inappropriate for Yucatec Maya children), and novel, contextually embedded tasks that were engaging for Yucatec Maya children. We close with a cost/benefit analysis of using culturally meaningful research to study children’s development.



中文翻译:

以具有文化意义的方式研究执行功能

摘要

儿童执行功能的发展是研究文化差异的一个很好的候选对象,因为它是成为文化活动的有能力参与者的必要能力,但它也可能受到文化组织的日常经验的影响,对儿童的发展和学习产生潜在影响. 对尤卡坦玛雅儿童进行了一项基于民族志的研究,以探索现有理论结构和方法中的文化偏见。尤卡坦玛雅儿童在家庭社会联系和工作责任的密集网络中自主组织他们的日常活动。然而,由于任务逻辑和要求中固有的一些文化假设,4 至 8 岁儿童的小试点样本对许多传统的 EF 措施不感兴趣并且表现不佳。确定了特定的文化障碍,包括关于动机、任务意义、社会互动规则和特定文化信仰的假设。然后开发了几个新的任务,包括情境化的、目标驱动的任务,孩子们更有动力参与。为了检查我们分析的准确性,我们提出了一个未来比较研究的设计,包括传统任务的混合(对于尤卡坦玛雅儿童而言,既在文化上可解释,又在文化上不合适),以及尤卡坦玛雅儿童感兴趣的新颖的、嵌入语境的任务。我们以使用具有文化意义的研究来研究儿童发展的成本/收益分析作为结尾。和特定的文化信仰。然后开发了几个新的任务,包括情境化的、目标驱动的任务,孩子们更有动力参与。为了检查我们分析的准确性,我们提出了一个未来比较研究的设计,包括传统任务的混合(对于尤卡坦玛雅儿童而言,既在文化上可解释,又在文化上不合适),以及尤卡坦玛雅儿童感兴趣的新颖的、嵌入语境的任务。我们以使用具有文化意义的研究来研究儿童发展的成本/收益分析作为结尾。和特定的文化信仰。然后开发了几个新的任务,包括情境化的、目标驱动的任务,孩子们更有动力参与。为了检查我们分析的准确性,我们提出了一个未来比较研究的设计,包括传统任务的混合(对于尤卡坦玛雅儿童而言,既在文化上可解释,又在文化上不合适),以及尤卡坦玛雅儿童感兴趣的新颖的、嵌入语境的任务。我们以使用具有文化意义的研究来研究儿童发展的成本/收益分析作为结尾。为了检查我们分析的准确性,我们为未来的比较研究提出了一个设计,其中包括混合传统任务(对尤卡坦玛雅儿童而言既具有文化解释性又不适合尤卡坦玛雅儿童)和新颖的、嵌入语境的任务,这些任务对尤卡坦玛雅儿童具有吸引力. 我们以使用具有文化意义的研究来研究儿童发展的成本/收益分析作为结尾。为了检查我们分析的准确性,我们为未来的比较研究提出了一个设计,其中包括混合传统任务(对于尤卡坦玛雅儿童而言既具有文化解释性又不适合尤卡坦玛雅儿童),以及新颖的、适合尤卡坦玛雅儿童的嵌入语境的任务. 我们以使用具有文化意义的研究来研究儿童发展的成本/收益分析作为结尾。

更新日期:2023-02-03
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