Biomass-derived degraded lignin and cellulose serve as possible alternatives to fossil fuels for energy and chemical resources. Fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass generates bio-oil that needs further refinement. However, as pyrolysis causes massive degradation to lignin and cellulose, this process produces very complex mixtures. The same applies to degradation methods other than fast pyrolysis. The ability to identify the degradation products of lignocellulosic biomass is of great importance to be able to optimize methodologies for the conversion of these mixtures to transportation fuels and valuable chemicals. Studies utilizing tandem mass spectrometry have provided invaluable, molecular-level information regarding the identities of compounds in degraded biomass. This review focuses on the molecular-level characterization of fast pyrolysis and other degradation products of lignin and cellulose via tandem mass spectrometry based on collision-activated dissociation (CAD). Many studies discussed here used model compounds to better understand both the ionization chemistry of the degradation products of lignin and cellulose and their ions' CAD reactions in mass spectrometers to develop methods for the structural characterization of the degradation products of lignocellulosic biomass. Further, model compound studies were also carried out to delineate the mechanisms of the fast pyrolysis reactions of lignocellulosic biomass. The above knowledge was used to assign likely structures to many degradation products of lignocellulosic biomass.

中文翻译：

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使用串联质谱实验、模型化合物和量子化学计算表征木质纤维素生物质的降解产物

生物质衍生的降解木质素和纤维素可以作为能源和化学资源化石燃料的替代品。木质纤维素生物质的快速热解产生需要进一步精炼的生物油。然而，由于热解导致木质素和纤维素大量降解，该过程产生非常复杂的混合物。这同样适用于快速热解以外的降解方法。识别木质纤维素生物质降解产物的能力对于优化将这些混合物转化为运输燃料和有价值的化学品的方法非常重要。利用串联质谱法的研究提供了有关降解生物质中化合物身份的宝贵的分子水平信息。本综述重点关注通过基于碰撞激活解离 (CAD) 的串联质谱法对木质素和纤维素的快速热解和其他降解产物进行分子水平表征。这里讨论的许多研究使用模型化合物来更好地了解木质素和纤维素降解产物的电离化学及其离子在质谱仪中的 CAD 反应，以开发木质纤维素生物质降解产物的结构表征方法。此外，还进行了模型化合物研究，以描绘木质纤维素生物质快速热解反应的机制。上述知识用于为木质纤维素生物质的许多降解产物指定可能的结构。