OBJECTIVE Theoretical models of addictive behavior suggest that subjective effects serve as a mechanism through which substance use disorders develop. However, little is known about the subjective effects of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use, particularly whether simultaneous use (a) heightens specific subjective effects or (b) is related to unique subjective effects relative to single-substance effects. The present study used formative, qualitative data analysis to examine patterns of responses within open-answer text response data on subjective effects of simultaneous use. METHOD College students who simultaneously use alcohol and cannabis (N = 443; 68.2% female) were asked to describe how alcohol effects differ on simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use versus alcohol-only use days. RESULTS Conventional content analysis revealed nine concepts related to simultaneous (vs. alcohol-only) use subjective effects including as follows: (a) increased/decreased impairment, (b) low arousal/relaxation, (c) balancing/replacement effects, (d) "cross-faded" effects, (e) little-to-no differences, (f) altered sensation and perception, (g) increased negative affective states, (h) increased appetite, and (i) increased/decreased negative consequences. Increased impairment (N = 191) and increased relaxation (N = 110) were the most often endorsed subjective effects, followed by decreased impairment (N = 55), balancing/replacement effects (N = 50) and cross-faded/enhancement effects (N = 44). CONCLUSIONS Subjective effects from simultaneous use largely map onto domains of single-substance alcohol and cannabis effects (e.g., relaxation, sociability, cognitive/behavioral impairment), but also include distinct domains related to simultaneous use (e.g., balancing/replacement effects, altered sensation and perception). Future quantitative research is needed to validate measures of subjective effects from simultaneous use and their relations with use behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

---

同时饮酒和大麻与仅使用酒精的主观影响：定性分析。

客观成瘾行为的理论模型表明，主观影响是物质使用障碍发展的机制。然而，人们对同时使用酒精和大麻的主观影响知之甚少，特别是同时使用是否（a）增强特定的主观影响或（b）与相对于单一物质影响的独特主观影响有关。本研究使用形成性、定性数据分析来检查开放式答案文本响应数据中的响应模式对同时使用的主观影响。方法 同时使用酒精和大麻的大学生（N = 443；68.2% 为女性）被要求描述酒精对同时使用酒精和大麻与仅使用酒精的影响有何不同。结果传统的内容分析揭示了与同时（相对于仅饮酒）使用主观效果相关的九个概念，包括如下：（a）损伤增加/减少，（b）低唤醒/放松，（c）平衡/替代效果，（d） ）“交叉褪色”效果，（e）几乎没有差异，（f）感觉和知觉改变，（g）负面情感状态增加，（h）食欲增加，以及（i）负面后果增加/减少。损伤增加（N = 191）和放松增加（N = 110）是最常被认可的主观效果，其次是损伤减少（N = 55）、平衡/替换效果（N = 50）和交叉淡入淡出/增强效果（ N = 44）。结论 同时使用的主观影响很大程度上映射到单一物质酒精和大麻效应的领域（例如，放松、社交、认知/行为障碍），但也包括与同时使用相关的不同领域（例如，平衡/替代效应、感觉改变）和感知）。未来需要进行定量研究来验证同时使用的主观影响及其与使用行为的关系。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。