We examine the question “Can Dirac materials exist in a nondegenerate statistical state?,” deriving and employing an identity for the thermodynamic Grand Potential $\Omega$ (per unit volume/area) in the low density nondegenerate statistical regime, relating it to the density $n$ as $\Omega = -\beta ^{-1} n$ ( $\beta ^{-1} = \kappa _{B} T$ is thermal energy, $\kappa _{B}$ is the Boltzmann constant, and $T$ is Kelvin temperature). The implications of this identity for Dirac materials are explored. The identity is universally valid for all thermodynamic systems in equilibrium in the nondegenerate, low density statistical regime, irrespective of size, dimensionality or applied static fields. Phenomena that may contribute to the realization of such a nondegenerate statistical equilibrium state in Dirac materials are discussed.

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狄拉克材料和非退化统计热力学体系的巨大潜力的身份

我们研究了“狄拉克材料能否以非退化统计状态存在？”这一问题，推导并使用了热力学大势的恒等式$\欧米茄$（每单位体积/面积）在低密度非退化统计制度中，将其与密度相关联$n$作为$\Omega = -\beta ^{-1} n$ ( $\beta ^{-1} = \kappa _{B} T$是热能，$\kappa _{B}$是玻尔兹曼常数，并且$T$是开尔文温度）。探讨了这种身份对狄拉克材料的影响。该恒等式对于在非退化、低密度统计状态下处于平衡状态的所有热力学系统普遍有效，无论大小、维数或应用的静态场如何。讨论了可能有助于在狄拉克材料中实现这种非退化统计平衡状态的现象。