Snakebite envenoming is currently considered a neglected tropical disease, which affects over 5 million people worldwide, and causes almost 150 000 deaths every year, as well as severe injuries, amputations and other sequelae. Snakebite envenoming in children, although proportionally less frequent, is generally more severe, and represents an important challenge for pediatric medicine, since they often result in worse outcomes. In Brazil, given its ecological, geographic and socioeconomic characteristics, snakebites are considered an important health problem, presenting approximately 30 000 victims per year, approximately 15% of them in children. Even with low snakebite incidence, children tend to have higher snakebite severity and complications due to the small body mass and same venom volume inoculated in comparison to adults, even though, due to the lack of epidemiological information about pediatric snakebites and induced injuries, it is difficult to measure the treatment effectiveness, outcomes and quality of emergency medical services for snakebites in children. In this review, we report how Brazilian children are affected by snakebites, describing the characteristics of this affected population, clinical aspects, management, outcomes and main challenges.

中文翻译：

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巴西儿童中毒蛇咬伤：临床方面、管理和结果。

蛇咬中毒目前被认为是一种被忽视的热带疾病，它影响着全世界超过 500 万人，每年造成近 15 万人死亡，以及重伤、截肢和其他后遗症。儿童中毒蛇咬伤虽然比例较低，但通常更为严重，对儿科医学来说是一个重要挑战，因为它们往往会导致更糟糕的结果。在巴西，鉴于其生态、地理和社会经济特征，蛇咬伤被认为是一个重要的健康问题，每年造成约 30 000 名受害者，其中约 15% 为儿童。即使蛇咬伤的发生率很低，但由于与成人相比，儿童体重较小且接种的毒液量相同，因此蛇咬伤的严重程度和并发症往往更高，尽管，由于缺乏关于小儿蛇咬伤和诱发伤害的流行病学资料，很难衡量儿童蛇咬伤急救医疗服务的治疗效果、结果和质量。在这篇综述中，我们报告了巴西儿童如何受到蛇咬伤的影响，描述了这一受影响人群的特征、临床方面、管理、结果和主要挑战。