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Valine Treatment Enhances Antimicrobial Component Production in Mammary Epithelial Cells and the Milk of Lactating Goats Without Influencing the Tight Junction Barrier
Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2023-02-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s10911-023-09529-x
Yusaku Tsugami 1 , Takahiro Nii 1 , Naoki Isobe 1
Affiliation  

The production of antimicrobial components and the formation of less-permeable tight junctions (TJs) are important in the defense system of lactating mammary glands and for safe dairy production. Valine is a branched-chain amino acid that is actively consumed in the mammary glands and promotes the production of major milk components like β-casein; additionally, branched-chain amino acids stimulate antimicrobial component production in the intestines. Therefore, we hypothesized that valine strengthens the mammary gland defense system without influencing milk production. We investigated the effects of valine in vitro using cultured mammary epithelial cells (MECs) and in vivo using the mammary glands of lactating Tokara goats. Valine treatment at 4 mM increased the secretion of S100A7 and lactoferrin as well as the intracellular concentration of β-defensin 1 and cathelicidin 7 in cultured MECs. In addition, an intravenous injection of valine increased S100A7 levels in the milk of Tokara goats without influencing milk yield and milk components (i.e., fat, protein, lactose, and solids). In contrast, valine treatment did not affect TJ barrier function either in vitro or in vivo. These findings indicate that valine enhances antimicrobial component production without influencing milk production and TJ barrier function in lactating mammary glands; thus, valine contributes to safe dairy production.



中文翻译:

缬氨酸处理可增强乳腺上皮细胞和泌乳山羊乳汁中抗菌成分的产生,而不会影响紧密连接屏障

抗菌成分的产生和渗透性较低的紧密连接 (TJ) 的形成对于哺乳期乳腺的防御系统和安全的乳制品生产非常重要。缬氨酸是一种支链氨基酸,在乳腺中被积极消耗并促进主要乳成分(如 β-酪蛋白)的产生;此外,支链氨基酸会刺激肠道中抗菌成分的产生。因此,我们假设缬氨酸可以在不影响产奶量的情况下增强乳腺防御系统。我们使用培养的乳腺上皮细胞 (MEC) 研究了缬氨酸在体外的作用,并使用哺乳期 Tokara 山羊的乳腺研究了缬氨酸在体内的作用。4 mM 缬氨酸处理增加了培养的 MEC 中 S100A7 和乳铁蛋白的分泌以及 β-防御素 1 和导管素 7 的细胞内浓度。此外,静脉注射缬氨酸可增加 Tokara 山羊乳汁中 S100A7 的水平,但不影响产奶量和乳成分(即脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖和固体)。相反,缬氨酸处理在体外或体内均不影响 TJ 屏障功能。这些发现表明,缬氨酸可增强抗菌成分的产生,而不会影响泌乳乳腺的产奶量和 TJ 屏障功能;因此,缬氨酸有助于安全的乳制品生产。静脉注射缬氨酸可增加 Tokara 山羊乳汁中的 S100A7 水平,但不影响产奶量和乳成分(即脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖和固体)。相反,缬氨酸处理在体外或体内均不影响 TJ 屏障功能。这些发现表明,缬氨酸可增强抗菌成分的产生,而不会影响泌乳乳腺的产奶量和 TJ 屏障功能;因此,缬氨酸有助于安全的乳制品生产。静脉注射缬氨酸可增加 Tokara 山羊乳汁中的 S100A7 水平,但不影响产奶量和乳成分(即脂肪、蛋白质、乳糖和固体)。相反,缬氨酸处理在体外或体内均不影响 TJ 屏障功能。这些发现表明,缬氨酸可增强抗菌成分的产生,而不会影响泌乳乳腺的产奶量和 TJ 屏障功能;因此,缬氨酸有助于安全的乳制品生产。

更新日期:2023-02-18
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