Research has shown that parents provide considerable support to their children; however, we know little about the influence of young adults’ employment experiences on the support they receive from their parents. We draw on data from the German Family Panel pairfam for birth cohorts 1981–1983 and 1991–1993 and use a first difference panel estimator with asymmetric effects to examine the extent to which young adults’ employment transitions affect material, emotional, and instrumental support from parents. We find stark differences across types of support: parental material support changes in response to transitions in and out of employment, especially when to and from education. Other types of support seem less contingent on labour market transitions. Instrumental support only increases for transitions from education to employment and from employment to NEET. The latter effect is mainly driven by women entering parental leave. We do not find strong evidence of differences between transitions to standard and non-standard work. The association between employment transitions and intergenerational material support flows suggests that families act as safety nets, raising concerns about those whose families are unable to help.

中文翻译：

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德国年轻人的劳动力市场转型和代际支持

研究表明，父母为他们的孩子提供了相当大的支持；然而，我们对年轻人的就业经历对他们从父母那里得到的支持的影响知之甚少。我们利用 1981-1983 年和 1991-1993 年出生队列的德国家庭面板 pairfam 的数据，并使用具有不对称效应的一阶差分面板估计量来检查年轻人的就业转变对物质、情感和工具支持的影响程度父母。我们发现不同类型的支持存在明显差异：父母的物质支持随着就业和失业的转变而变化，尤其是在进出教育时。其他类型的支持似乎不太取决于劳动力市场的转型。工具支持只会增加从教育到就业和从就业到 NEET 的过渡。后一种影响主要是由休育儿假的妇女推动的。我们没有找到强有力的证据表明过渡到标准工作和非标准工作之间存在差异。就业转型与代际物质支持流动之间的关联表明，家庭充当着安全网的角色，引发了对那些家庭无法提供帮助的人的担忧。