Abstract

This article explores the trajectories of two women architects, Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky and Juliette Tréant-Mathé, who, in contrast to most of their female counterparts in interwar Europe, devoted much of their architectural work to the design of social housing. It examines the nature of the shared social activism that informed their work, while considering the gendered dimension of their architectural designs in the 1920s and 1930s. It assesses how Schütte-Lihotzky, in particular, participated in the discussions about the relationship between Existenzminimum, or the minimum level of conditions needed for living, and the construction of housing for single professional women, and how the design of domestic architecture could respond to their needs. Finally, it examines their largely unexplored contributions as women architects to broader debates about “the new dwelling” and the role of architecture in modern life more generally.

摘要

本文探讨了两位女性建筑师 Margarete Schütte-Lihotzky 和 ​​Juliette Tréant-Mathé 的发展轨迹，与两次世界大战期间欧洲的大多数女性同行相比，她们将大部分建筑工作投入到社会住房的设计中。它审视了为他们的工作提供信息的共享社会活动的性质，同时考虑了他们在 1920 年代和 1930 年代建筑设计的性别维度。它评估了 Schütte-Lihotzky 特别是如何参与关于Existenzminimum之间关系的讨论，或生活所需的最低条件，以及单身职业女性的住房建设，以及家庭建筑的设计如何满足她们的需求。最后，它考察了她们作为女建筑师对更广泛的关于“新住宅”和建筑在现代生活中的作用的更广泛辩论所做的贡献。