Layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are stimuli-responsive anionic nanoclays. The vast possibilities of using LDHs can lead to their existence in the ecosystem, raising a question of potential ecological concern. However, little is known about the effect of these nanomaterials on freshwater organisms. The present study aimed to assess the ecotoxicological effects of Zinc-Aluminium LDH-nitrate (ZnAl LDH-NO₃) in zebrafish (Danio rerio) early life stages. The endpoints measured were mortality, malformations and hatching rate after exposure of D. rerio embryos and larvae to ZnAl LDH-NO₃ following the OECD 236 guideline. The behavioral, biochemical (markers of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity), and molecular (at DNA level) alterations were also assessed using sub-lethal concentrations. No observable acute effects were detected up to 415.2 mg LDH/L while the 96 h-LC₅₀ was estimated as 559.9 mg/L. Tested LDH caused malformations in D. rerio embryos, such as pericardial edema, incomplete yolk sac absorption and tail deformities (96 h-EC₅₀ = 172.4 mg/L). During the dark periods, the locomotor behavior in zebrafish larvae was affected upon ZnAl LDH-NO₃ exposure. However, no significant biochemical and molecular changes were recorded. The present findings suggest that ZnAl LDH-NO₃ can be regarded as a non-toxic nanomaterial towards D. rerio (E/LC₅₀ > > 100 mg/L) although impairment of the locomotion behavior on zebrafish embryos can be expected at concentrations below 100 mg/L.

层状双氢氧化物 (LDH) 是刺激响应性阴离子纳米粘土。使用 LDH 的巨大可能性会导致它们存在于生态系统中，从而引发潜在的生态问题。然而，人们对这些纳米材料对淡水生物的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估锌铝 LDH-硝酸盐 (Zn Al LDH-NO ₃ ) 在斑马鱼 ( Danio rerio ) 生命早期阶段的生态毒理学效应。测量的终点是D. rerio胚胎和幼虫暴露于 Zn Al LDH-NO ₃后的死亡率、畸形和孵化率遵循 OECD 236 准则。还使用亚致死浓度评估了行为、生化（氧化应激和神经毒性的标志物）和分子（在 DNA 水平）的改变。高达 415.2 mg LDH/L 时未检测到可观察到的急性效应，而 96 h-LC ₅₀估计为 559.9 mg/L。测试的 LDH 导致斑马鱼胚胎畸形，如心包水肿、卵黄囊吸收不完全和尾部畸形 (96 h-EC ₅₀  = 172.4 mg/L)。在黑暗时期，斑马鱼幼虫的运动行为受到 Zn Al LDH-NO ₃暴露的影响。然而，没有记录到显着的生化和分子变化。目前的研究结果表明，Zn Al LDH-NO ₃可被视为对斑马鱼(E/LC ₅₀ > > 100 mg/L)无毒的纳米材料，尽管在低于 100 mg/L 的浓度下可能会损害斑马鱼胚胎的运动行为。