Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), ranking as one of the most common malignant tumors, is one of the leading causes of cancer death, with a poor prognosis. Cuproptosis, a novel programmed cell death modality that has just been confirmed recently, may play an important role in HCC prognosis. Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) is a key participant in tumorigenesis and immune responses. It may be of great significance to predict HCC based on cuproptosis genes and their related LncRNA. Methods. The sample data on HCC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Combined with cuproptosis-related genes collected from the literature search, expression analysis was carried out to find cuproptosis genes and their related LncRNAs significantly expressed in HCC. The prognostic model was constructed by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and multivariate Cox regression. The feasibility of these signature LncRNAs used for the evaluation of the overall survival rate in HCC patients as independent factors was investigated. The expression profile of cuproptosis, immune cell infiltration, and the status of somatic mutation were analyzed and compared. Results. A prognostic model of HCC consisting of seven cuproptosis gene-related LncRNA signatures was constructed. Multiple verification methods have showed that this model can accurately predict the prognosis of HCC patients. It was showed that the classified high-risk group under the risk score of this model had worse survival status, more significant expression of the immune function, and higher mutation frequency. During the analysis, the cuproptosis gene CDKN2A was found to be most closely related to LncRNA DDX11-AS1 in the expression profile of HCC patients. Conclusion. The cuproptosis-related signature LncRNA in HCC was identified, on the basis of which a model was constructed, and it was verified that it can be used to predict the prognosis of HCC patients. The potential role of these cuproptosis-related signature LncRNAs as new targets for disease therapy in antagonizing HCC development was discussed.

中文翻译：

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Cuprotosis 相关的长链非编码 RNA 特征预测肝细胞癌的预后和免疫细胞浸润

背景。肝细胞癌（HCC）是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，是导致癌症死亡的主要原因之一，预后较差。Cuproptosis 是一种新的程序性细胞死亡方式，最近刚刚得到证实，它可能在 HCC 预后中发挥重要作用。长链非编码 RNA (LncRNA) 是肿瘤发生和免疫反应的关键参与者。基于铜凋亡基因及其相关的LncRNA预测HCC可能具有重要意义。方法. HCC 患者的样本数据来自癌症基因组图谱 (TCGA) 数据库。结合文献检索收集到的铜凋亡相关基因，进行表达分析，发现铜凋亡基因及其相关的LncRNAs在HCC中显着表达。预后模型由最小绝对收缩和选择算子 (LASSO) 回归和多元 Cox 回归构建。研究了这些标志性 LncRNA 作为独立因素用于评估 HCC 患者总生存率的可行性。分析比较了铜细胞凋亡的表达谱、免疫细胞浸润和体细胞突变状态。结果. 构建了由七个与铜凋亡基因相关的 LncRNA 特征组成的 HCC 预后模型。多种验证方法表明该模型能够准确预测HCC患者的预后。结果表明，该模型风险评分下分类的高危组生存状态更差，免疫功能表达更显着，突变频率更高。在分析过程中，发现铜凋亡基因 CDKN2A 在 HCC 患者的表达谱中与 LncRNA DDX11-AS1 的相关性最密切。结论. 鉴定了HCC中与铜细胞凋亡相关的特征性LncRNA，并在此基础上构建了模型，并验证了其可用于预测HCC患者的预后。讨论了这些与铜细胞凋亡相关的特征性 LncRNA 作为疾病治疗新靶点在拮抗 HCC 发展中的潜在作用。