This article seeks to explain the origins of the Dufoix law of 17 July 1984 which instituted a ten-year residency permit for most foreign residents in France. It aims to clarify a series of debates about the relationship between the law and the March for Equality and Against Racism of 1983 by examining three mutually contradictory theories. The first theory holds that President Mitterrand was persuaded to enact the reform as a direct result of his meeting with the Marchers on 3 December 1983. The second theory holds that the carte de 10 ans was a diversionary tactic, irrelevant to the Marchers and aiming to demobilize their movement. The third theory holds that the origins of the law lay less in the march than in earlier migrant worker movements of the 1970s. The article argues that the law ultimately resulted from a complex set of mutually entangled and ambivalent relationships.

中文翻译：

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平等游行的胜利？移民、政策、抗议和1984年的十年居留许可

本文旨在解释 1984 年 7 月 17 日 Dufoix 法的起源，该法为法国的大多数外国居民制定了为期十年的居留许可。它旨在通过检验三种相互矛盾的理论，阐明有关法律与 1983 年争取平等和反对种族主义游行之间关系的一系列争论。第一种理论认为，密特朗总统是在 1983 年 12 月 3 日与游行者会面后直接被说服实施改革的。第二种理论认为，十人制是一种牵制策略，与游行者无关，旨在解除他们的运动。第三种理论认为，法律的起源与其说是起源于游行，不如说起源于 1970 年代早期的农民工运动。