OBJECTIVE Previous studies demonstrated that individuals with agenesis of the corpus callosum (AgCC) experience difficulties in novel and complex problem-solving. The present study investigated verbal problem-solving, deductive reasoning, and semantic inference in AgCC. METHOD Capacity for semantic inference was tested in 25 individuals with AgCC and normal-range intelligence compared to 29 neurotypical controls. The Word Context Test (WCT) of Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System was used, employing a novel method of analysis (semantic similarity) to detect trial-by-trial progress toward a solution. RESULTS With respect to the typical WCT scores, persons with AgCC had fewer total consecutive correct responses. In addition, semantic similarity to the correct word was significantly lower overall in persons with AgCC than in controls. CONCLUSION These findings indicated that individuals with AgCC who have intelligence in the normal range are less able at the WCT taking all trials into account, although they often solve the problem eventually. This outcome is consistent with previous research indicating that callosal absence in AgCC results in a restricted imagination for possibilities, limiting their problem-solving and inferential capacities. The results also highlight the usefulness of semantic similarity as a means of scoring the WCT. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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胼胝体发育不全的言语问题解决：使用语义相似性进行分析。

目的 先前的研究表明，胼胝体发育不全 (AgCC) 的个体在解决新奇和复杂的问题时会遇到困难。本研究调查了 AgCC 中的言语问题解决、演绎推理和语义推理。方法 对 25 名 AgCC 且智力正常的个体进行语义推理能力测试，并与 29 名神经典型对照者进行比较。使用 Delis-Kaplan 执行功能系统的词语境测试 (WCT)，采用一种新颖的分析方法（语义相似性）来检测解决方案的逐项试验进展。结果 就典型的 WCT 分数而言，AgCC 患者的连续正确回答总数较少。此外，AgCC 患者与正确单词的语义相似度总体上显着低于对照组。结论 这些研究结果表明，考虑到所有试验，智力在正常范围内的 AgCC 个体在 WCT 中的能力较差，尽管他们最终常常解决问题。这一结果与之前的研究一致，表明 AgCC 中胼胝体的缺失导致对可能性的想象受到限制，从而限制了他们解决问题和推理的能力。结果还强调了语义相似性作为 WCT 评分手段的有用性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。这一结果与之前的研究一致，表明 AgCC 中胼胝体的缺失导致对可能性的想象受到限制，从而限制了他们解决问题和推理的能力。结果还强调了语义相似性作为 WCT 评分手段的有用性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。这一结果与之前的研究一致，表明 AgCC 中胼胝体的缺失导致对可能性的想象受到限制，从而限制了他们解决问题和推理的能力。结果还强调了语义相似性作为 WCT 评分手段的有用性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。