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Efficacy and safety of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for burn patients: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.
Burns & Trauma ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2023-03-01 , DOI: 10.1093/burnst/tkac056
Xue Heng 1 , Peng Cai 2 , Zhiqiang Yuan 1 , Yizhi Peng 1 , Gaoxing Luo 1 , Haisheng Li 1
Affiliation  

Background Respiratory and circulatory dysfunction are common complications and the leading causes of death among burn patients, especially in severe burns and inhalation injury. Recently, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly applied in burn patients. However, current clinical evidence is weak and conflicting. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the efficacy and safety of ECMO in burn patients. Methods A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science and Embase from inception to 18 March 2022 was performed to identify clinical studies on ECMO in burn patients. The main outcome was in-hospital mortality. Secondary outcomes included successful weaning from ECMO and complications associated with ECMO. Meta-analysis, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted to pool the clinical efficacy and identify influencing factors. Results Fifteen retrospective studies with 318 patients were finally included, without any control groups. The commonest indication for ECMO was severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (42.1%). Veno-venous ECMO was the commonest mode (75.29%). Pooled in-hospital mortality was 49% [95% confidence interval (CI) 41-58%] in the total population, 55% in adults and 35% in pediatrics. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis found that mortality significantly increased with inhalation injury but decreased with ECMO duration. For studies with percentage inhalation injury ≥50%, pooled mortality (55%, 95% CI 40-70%) was higher than in studies with percentage inhalation injury <50% (32%, 95% CI 18-46%). For studies with ECMO duration ≥10 days, pooled mortality (31%, 95% CI 20-43%) was lower than in studies with ECMO duration <10 days (61%, 95% CI 46-76%). In minor and major burns, pooled mortality was lower than in severe burns. Pooled percentage of successful weaning from ECMO was 65% (95% CI 46-84%) and inversely correlated with burn area. The overall rate of ECMO-related complications was 67.46%, and infection (30.77%) and bleedings (23.08%) were the two most common complications. About 49.26% of patients required continuous renal replacement therapy. Conclusions ECMO seems to be an appropriate rescue therapy for burn patients despite the relatively high mortality and complication rate. Inhalation injury, burn area and ECMO duration are the main factors influencing clinical outcomes.

中文翻译:

体外膜氧合对烧伤患者的疗效和安全性:综合系统评价和荟萃分析。

背景呼吸和循环功能障碍是烧伤患者的常见并发症,也是导致患者死亡的主要原因,尤其是在重度烧伤和吸入性损伤中。近年来,体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)越来越多地应用于烧伤患者。然而,目前的临床证据薄弱且相互矛盾。本研究旨在全面评价ECMO治疗烧伤患者的疗效和安全性。方法 对 PubMed、Web of Science 和 Embase 从开始到 2022 年 3 月 18 日进行了全面搜索,以确定 ECMO 在烧伤患者中的临床研究。主要结局是院内死亡率。次要结果包括成功脱离 ECMO 和与 ECMO 相关的并发症。荟萃分析,进行荟萃回归和亚组分析以汇总临床疗效并确定影响因素。结果最终纳入15项回顾性研究,共318例患者,无对照组。ECMO 最常见的适应症是严重急性呼吸窘迫综合征 (42.1%)。静脉-静脉ECMO是最常见的模式(75.29%)。总体院内死亡率在总人口中为 49% [95% 置信区间 (CI) 41-58%],成人为 55%,儿科为 35%。荟萃回归和亚组分析发现,死亡率随着吸入性损伤显着增加,但随着 ECMO 持续时间的延长而降低。对于吸入性损伤百分比 ≥50% 的研究,合并死亡率(55%,95% CI 40-70%)高于吸入性损伤百分比 <50%(32%,95% CI 18-46%)的研究。对于 ECMO 持续时间≥10 天的研究,合并死亡率(31%,95% CI 20-43%)低于 ECMO 持续时间 <10 天的研究(61%,95% CI 46-76%)。在轻度和重度烧伤中,合并死亡率低于重度烧伤。从 ECMO 成功脱机的汇总百分比为 65%(95% CI 46-84%),并且与烧伤面积呈负相关。ECMO相关并发症总体发生率为67.46%,感染(30.77%)和出血(23.08%)是最常见的两种并发症。大约 49.26% 的患者需要持续的肾脏替代治疗。结论 尽管死亡率和并发症发生率相对较高,但 ECMO 似乎是烧伤患者的一种合适的抢救疗法。吸入性损伤、烧伤面积和ECMO持续时间是影响临床结局的主要因素。95% CI 20-43%)低于 ECMO 持续时间 <10 天的研究(61%,95% CI 46-76%)。在轻度和重度烧伤中,合并死亡率低于重度烧伤。从 ECMO 成功脱机的汇总百分比为 65%(95% CI 46-84%),并且与烧伤面积呈负相关。ECMO相关并发症总体发生率为67.46%,感染(30.77%)和出血(23.08%)是最常见的两种并发症。大约 49.26% 的患者需要持续的肾脏替代治疗。结论 尽管死亡率和并发症发生率相对较高,但 ECMO 似乎是烧伤患者的一种合适的抢救疗法。吸入性损伤、烧伤面积和ECMO持续时间是影响临床结局的主要因素。95% CI 20-43%)低于 ECMO 持续时间 <10 天的研究(61%,95% CI 46-76%)。在轻度和重度烧伤中,合并死亡率低于重度烧伤。从 ECMO 成功脱机的汇总百分比为 65%(95% CI 46-84%),并且与烧伤面积呈负相关。ECMO相关并发症总体发生率为67.46%,感染(30.77%)和出血(23.08%)是最常见的两种并发症。大约 49.26% 的患者需要持续的肾脏替代治疗。结论 尽管死亡率和并发症发生率相对较高,但 ECMO 似乎是烧伤患者的一种合适的抢救疗法。吸入性损伤、烧伤面积和ECMO持续时间是影响临床结局的主要因素。汇总死亡率低于严重烧伤。从 ECMO 成功脱机的汇总百分比为 65%(95% CI 46-84%),并且与烧伤面积呈负相关。ECMO相关并发症总体发生率为67.46%,感染(30.77%)和出血(23.08%)是最常见的两种并发症。大约 49.26% 的患者需要持续的肾脏替代治疗。结论 尽管死亡率和并发症发生率相对较高,但 ECMO 似乎是烧伤患者的一种合适的抢救疗法。吸入性损伤、烧伤面积和ECMO持续时间是影响临床结局的主要因素。汇总死亡率低于严重烧伤。从 ECMO 成功脱机的汇总百分比为 65%(95% CI 46-84%),并且与烧伤面积呈负相关。ECMO相关并发症总体发生率为67.46%,感染(30.77%)和出血(23.08%)是最常见的两种并发症。大约 49.26% 的患者需要持续的肾脏替代治疗。结论 尽管死亡率和并发症发生率相对较高,但 ECMO 似乎是烧伤患者的一种合适的抢救疗法。吸入性损伤、烧伤面积和ECMO持续时间是影响临床结局的主要因素。08%)是两种最常见的并发症。大约 49.26% 的患者需要持续的肾脏替代治疗。结论 尽管死亡率和并发症发生率相对较高,但 ECMO 似乎是烧伤患者的一种合适的抢救疗法。吸入性损伤、烧伤面积和ECMO持续时间是影响临床结局的主要因素。08%)是两种最常见的并发症。大约 49.26% 的患者需要持续的肾脏替代治疗。结论 尽管死亡率和并发症发生率相对较高,但 ECMO 似乎是烧伤患者的一种合适的抢救疗法。吸入性损伤、烧伤面积和ECMO持续时间是影响临床结局的主要因素。
更新日期:2023-03-01
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