Abstract

Child labour is a universal concern as one child in every ten is engaged in child labour globally. Pakistan is no exception to this trend. This study attempts to identify the role of migration on children’s vulnerability to work. For that purpose, this study evaluates the demographic and household attributes, collected from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) (2017–2018), and Logit regression is used for empirical analysis. The findings reveal that migration is one of the decisive determinants of child labour, which is triggered by the high economic and social disparities existing across space in Pakistan. Therefore, balanced growth policies are recommended that require attention to the socio-economic development across all regions and provinces of the country. The study also emphasises the role of both supply-side and demand-side factors in controlling the menace; poverty alleviation reforms, development of social institutions in rural areas, and greater enforcement of child labour laws are strongly recommended.

摘要

童工是一个普遍关注的问题，因为全球十分之一的儿童从事童工。巴基斯坦也不例外。本研究试图确定移民对儿童工作脆弱性的影响。为此，本研究评估了从劳动力调查 (LFS)（2017-2018 年）收集的人口统计和家庭属性，并使用 Logit 回归进行实证分析。调查结果表明，移民是童工劳动的决定性决定因素之一，这是由巴基斯坦各地存在的巨大经济和社会差距引发的。因此，建议制定平衡增长政策，需要关注全国所有地区和省份的社会经济发展。该研究还强调了供应方和需求方因素在控制威胁方面的作用；强烈建议进行扶贫改革、农村地区社会机构的发展以及加强童工法的执行。