This study examined how single and multiple types of maltreatment allegations differed for young people with child protective services (CPS) only and dual system (i.e., CPS and juvenile delinquency court petition) involvement by gender and race and ethnicity. Allegation types were documented for young people with CPS only or dual system involvement using linked CPS and Probation records for Los Angeles County for a cohort of children born between 1998 and 2001 with a history of at least one CPS maltreatment investigation between birth and age 18. The CPS only and dual system groups were compared using chi-square tests, and a generalized linear model was constructed to assess the relationship between key variables and dual system involvement. Two thirds of young people with dual system involvement (68.2%) experienced two or more allegation types, compared with less than half of young people with CPS involvement only (46.0%). More than three quarters of girls (77.1%) and Black young people (75.3%) with dual system involvement experienced multiple types of maltreatment. 11% of young people with only CPS involvement experienced sexual abuse with another maltreatment type, compared to 22.7% of young people with dual system involvement and 38.6% of girls with dual system involvement.The findings highlight the complex CPS histories of young people with dual system involvement, especially among girls and Black young people. These findings should facilitate discussion of gender-responsive services for young people with traumatic sexual experiences, given the frequency of sexual abuse allegations among girls with dual system involvement.

本研究调查了单一类型和多种类型的虐待指控对于仅接受儿童保护服务 (CPS) 和双重系统（即 CPS 和少年犯罪法庭请愿）参与的年轻人的性别、种族和族裔有何不同。使用链接的 CPS 和洛杉矶县的缓刑记录，针对 1998 年至 2001 年间出生且在出生至 18 岁期间至少接受过一次 CPS 虐待调查的一组儿童，使用链接的 CPS 和缓刑记录记录了仅 CPS 或双重系统参与的年轻人的指控类型。使用卡方检验比较仅 CPS 和双系统组，并构建广义线性模型来评估关键变量与双系统参与之间的关系。三分之二涉及双重系统的年轻人 (68.2%) 经历过两种或两种以上的指控类型，与仅参与 CPS 的年轻人相比，只有不到一半 (46.0%)。超过四分之三的女孩 (77.1%) 和黑人青年 (75.3%) 参与双重系统经历过多种类型的虐待。仅 CPS 受累的年轻人中有 11% 经历过另一种虐待类型的性虐待，而双重系统受累的年轻人中这一比例为 22.7%，而双重系统受累的女孩中这一比例为 38.6%。研究结果突出了双重系统受累年轻人的复杂 CPS 历史系统参与，尤其是在女孩和黑人青年中。考虑到涉及双重系统的女孩中性虐待指控的频率，这些发现应该有助于讨论为有创伤性性经历的年轻人提供的性别敏感服务。