Educational and training programs designed to reduce racial bias often focus on increasing people's awareness of psychological sources of their biases. However, when people learn about their biases, they often respond defensively, which can undermine the effectiveness of antibias interventions and the success of prejudice regulation. Using process (Quad) modeling, we provide one of the first investigations of the relationships between (a) controlled and automatic cognitive processes that underpin performance on the Implicit Association Test and (b) defensive reactions to unflattering implicit racial bias feedback. In two correlational samples (one preregistered; N = 8,000) and one experiment in which the provision of bias feedback was manipulated (N = 547), we find racially biased associations and some control over these associations among White people. Nonetheless, more defensiveness to bias feedback consistently predicted weaker ability to control biased associations. We also find correlational evidence that lower levels of biased associations predict more defensiveness, but did not replicate this observation in the experimental study. These results are critical for theories of implicit attitudes, models of prejudice regulation, and strategies for antibias interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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较少偏见但更具防御性：控制过程的影响。

旨在减少种族偏见的教育和培训计划通常侧重于提高人们对其偏见的心理来源的认识。然而，当人们了解自己的偏见时，他们往往会做出防御性反应，这可能会破坏反偏见干预的有效性和偏见监管的成功。使用过程（Quad）建模，我们提供了对（a）支持内隐联想测试表现的受控和自动认知过程与（b）对不讨人喜欢的隐性种族偏见反馈的防御反应之间关系的首次调查之一。在两个相关样本（一个预注册；N = 8,000）和一个提供偏置反馈被操纵的实验中（N = 547），我们发现有种族偏见的协会和对白人之间这些协会的一些控制。尽管如此，对偏见反馈的更多防御始终预示着控制偏见关联的能力较弱。我们还发现相关证据表明，较低水平的偏见关联预示着更多的防御性，但并未在实验研究中复制这一观察结果。这些结果对于内隐态度理论、偏见调节模型和反偏见干预策略至关重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。但没有在实验研究中复制这一观察结果。这些结果对于内隐态度理论、偏见调节模型和反偏见干预策略至关重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。但没有在实验研究中复制这一观察结果。这些结果对于内隐态度理论、偏见调节模型和反偏见干预策略至关重要。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。