The present study aimed to analyze the prevalence of childhood obesity in Brazil and compare it between boys and girls. This systematic review was conducted and reported according to the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA statement. A systematic search of electronic databases, including PubMed, LILACS, and SciELO, was performed in November 2021. Studies that met the following criteria were included: (i) original quantitative studies regardless of their design; (ii) childhood obesity was clearly defined; (iii) prevalence of childhood obesity was reported or it was possible to extract from tables or figures in the text; and (iv) eligible population included children under 12 years of age. A total of 112 articles were included in the systematic review. The prevalence of childhood obesity in Brazil was of 12.2%, being 10.8% in girls and 12.3% in boys. In addition, wide heterogeneity in the childhood obesity prevalence was observed between the states, since it was 2.6% in Pará, while it was 15.8% in Rondônia. Thus, the importance of urgently implementing measures to prevent and treat childhood obesity should be emphasized aiming to reduce obese children and adolescents and future health problems in adult life resulting from this cardiovascular risk factor.

中文翻译：

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巴西儿童肥胖患病率：系统评价。

本研究旨在分析巴西儿童肥胖的患病率，并比较男孩和女孩之间的患病率。本系统评价是根据 PRISMA 声明中概述的指南进行和报告的。2021 年 11 月对包括 PubMed、LILACS 和 SciELO 在内的电子数据库进行了系统搜索。符合以下标准的研究包括在内：(i) 原始定量研究，无论其设计如何；(ii) 明确界定了儿童肥胖症；(iii) 报告了儿童肥胖的患病率，或者可以从正文中的表格或数字中提取；(iv) 符合条件的人群包括 12 岁以下的儿童。系统评价共纳入 112 篇文章。巴西儿童肥胖患病率为 12.2%，女孩为 10.8%，男孩为 12.3%。此外，各州儿童肥胖患病率存在​​广泛异质性，帕拉州为 2.6%，而朗多尼亚州为 15.8%。因此，应强调紧急采取措施预防和治疗儿童肥胖的重要性，以减少肥胖儿童和青少年以及未来因心血管危险因素导致的成人生活健康问题。